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| Mr. Hanson is strongly suspected of embezzling money from his employer. He has denied the allegation. To determine whether he is lying, investigators are most likely to ask Mr. Hanson to take a(n) ________ test |
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| According to the Cannon-Bard theory of emotion you experience fear at the |
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| same time your heart begins pounding. |
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| Walking home from work late one night, Jaydra suddenly hears footsteps behind her. Her heart pounds, her muscles tense, and her mouth goes dry. These bodily responses are activated by her ________ nervous system. |
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| When guilty knowledge tests are used with enough specific probes |
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| innocent suspects are seldom judged guilty by polygraph examiners |
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| Researchers discovered that the ________ an individual's spinal cord injury, the more feelings of anger tended to ________ in intensity following the injury. |
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| Emotional disgust is to emotional delight as ________ is to ________. |
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| right prefrontal cortex activation; left prefrontal cortex activation |
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| Evidence that neck-level spinal cord injuries reduce the intensity with which people experience certain emotions most directly refutes the |
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| Which theory would be most threatened by evidence that highly similar patterns of physiological activity are associated with uniquely different emotional states |
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| Whether we feel angry or depressed in response to a low exam grade depends on whether we attribute the poor grade to an unfair test or to our own low intelligence. This best illustrates that emotions are influenced by |
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| The sympathetic nervous system is to the parasympathetic nervous system as ________ is to ________. |
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| inhibition of digestion; acceleration of digestion |
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| The spillover effect refers to the impact of lingering ________ on the intensity of any subsequent emotional reactions. |
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| According to the Cannon-Bard theory, the experience of an emotion |
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| occurs simultaneously with physiological arousal |
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| Observers watching fearful faces show more brain activity in the ________ than do those watching angry faces. |
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| Turning in at her street, Dominique saw six fire trucks in front of her apartment building. Her heart beat wildly until someone yelled, “Just a false alarm.” Her pulse then began to return to normal, due to the action of her ________ nervous system. |
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| In one study, polygraph experts interpreted the polygraph data of 100 people who had been suspects in crimes of theft. Had the polygraph experts been the judges of guilt or innocence |
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| more than one-third of the truly innocent would have been declared guilty |
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| An inexperienced pilot prepares for an emergency landing after her single-engine plane loses power. Her emotional arousal is likely to be accompanied by |
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Definition
| increased blood sugar levels |
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| As people experience negative emotions_________ more electrically active. |
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| the right prefrontal cortex |
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| In anger-provoking situations, sexually aroused people experience more intense hostility than those who are not sexually aroused. This best illustrates |
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| Astrid was emotionally aroused by a TV horror movie. She became extremely angry when her younger brother momentarily blocked her view of the screen. When her movie viewing was interrupted by a phone call from her boyfriend, however, she experienced unusually intense romantic feelings. Astrid's different emotional reactions to her brother and her boyfriend are best explained by |
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| The suggestion that we share a friend's feelings of joy if we smile with him or her best illustrates the logic of the |
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| Which of the following suggests that the experience of emotion results from an awareness of our own physiological responses to an emotion-arousing event? |
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| Although newspapers reported that a murder victim had been stabbed with a knife, two police investigators knew that the actual murder weapon was a letter opener. While carefully monitoring the changes in heart rate and perspiration level of a prime suspect, the investigators asked him if he typically used a letter opener on his mail. The investigators were making use of the |
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| If people who have just been aroused by watching rock videos are then insulted, their feelings of anger will be greater than those of people who have been similarly provoked but were not previously aroused. This best illustrates |
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| The insula is activated when people experience emotions such as |
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Definition
pride, lust, disgust
*any of these |
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| Vaseem experienced excessive fear while flying because he interpreted his rapid heart rate, shallow breathing, and heavy perspiration as a reaction to the imminent danger of a plane crash. When his psychotherapist convinced him that this physical arousal was simply a harmless reaction to acceleration, cabin pressure, and confined space, his fear of flying was greatly reduced. The reduction in Vaseem's fear is best understood in terms of |
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Definition
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| Activation of the parasympathetic nervous system |
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Definition
| slows heart rate and accelerates digestion |
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| Evidence that visual input is routed from the thalamus directly to the amygdala has been used to support the claim that |
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Definition
| some emotional reactions may occur without conscious thinking |
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| Which of the basic emotions is facially expressed by eyelids lifted, mouth corners retracted, and brows level while drawn in and up? |
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| Carroll Izard has suggested that love is a mixture of interest-excitement and |
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| Research on the physiological states accompanying specific emotions indicates that the finger temperatures and hormone secretions that accompany fear and anger |
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Definition
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| The low-road pathway from the thalamus to the amygdala most directly contributes to ________ emotional responses |
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| We sometimes interpret our arousal before experiencing a complex emotional reaction such as hatred. These complex emotional reactions follow a neural pathway from |
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Definition
| the thalamus to the cerebral cortex to the amygdala |
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Term
| Which theory can best explain the results of the experiment in which college men were injected with epinephrine prior to spending time with either a euphoric or an irritated person? |
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| When students perceive the arousal that accompanies test-taking as energizing rather than debilitating, they experience much less anxiety. This is best understood in terms of the |
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Definition
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| Which division of the nervous system arouses the body and mobilizes its energy in emotionally stressful situations? |
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| Which of the following emotional reactions is most likely to precede any conscious thinking? |
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| During a state of emotional arousal, the adrenal glands release ________ into the bloodstream. |
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| Which of the basic emotions is facially expressed by brows raised, eyes widened, and mouth rounded in an oval shape? |
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| The polygraph measures the changes in ________ that accompany emotion. |
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| Ten-year-old Vito tells his friend, “When you notice that your knees knock, your hands sweat, and your stomach is in knots, then you really get scared.” This statement best illustrates |
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| College men given injections of epinephrine felt happiest if they were told the injection would produce ________ and if they were in the company of a person who was acting ________. |
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| Which of the following is NOT one of the basic components of emotion identified in the text? |
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Definition
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| The emotions of anger and fear involve similar |
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Definition
| patterns of autonomic arousal |
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| Which theory states that emotion results from the cognitive labeling of our physiological arousal? |
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Definition
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| According to the Cannon-Bard theory, bodily arousal is related to the subjective awareness of emotion in the same way as the ________ is related to the ________. |
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Definition
| sympathetic nervous system; cortex |
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Term
| One problem with the use of the polygraph for lie detection is that |
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Definition
| anxiety, irritation, and guilt feelings all prompt similar physiological reactivity |
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| Both the James-Lange and the two-factor theories of emotion maintain that |
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Definition
| the experience of emotion grows from an awareness of our body's arousal. |
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