Term
-% of populaiton are drug users
-% are alcohol depednet |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| T/F: medicinal drug abuse is lowering |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| self admin drug in a cultrually dissaproved manner |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| behavioral pattent of drug abuse by complusivenss to relapse |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| physiologic adaptation to a drug that higher dosage are requaired |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| increased response to a drug from chronic use or inital withdrawl |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| state of PHYSIOLOGIC ADAPTATION where abrupt reduction or cessation = withdrawal syndrome |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| syndrome where one has craving for the drug to achieve mood or feeling |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| factros that increase risk for drug abuse or depednce -4 |
|
Definition
cost of drug
purity
route od admin
speed entry to brain |
|
|
Term
drug with hgihest addiction
2nd highest |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| a lot/ or few users become depedent or addicited |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| substance dependence increases with max euphoria (rewarding effects) induced by- |
|
Definition
| rapid rate of drug uptake like Iv admin |
|
|
Term
which is more addictive, cigarettes or chewing tobacco?
why? |
|
Definition
cigarettes
-nicotine omre rapidly rises in serum/brain |
|
|
Term
| can substance abuse be genetic? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what env factors can affect drug dependence-3 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| how do drugs eleict pleasurable feelings |
|
Definition
| activate reward pathway in brain |
|
|
Term
| what is a major reward pathway |
|
Definition
| Mesolimbic dopaminergic pathway |
|
|
Term
| the reward pathway of the mesolimbic is done by the DA neurons linking what 3 areas |
|
Definition
ventral tegmentum
nucleus accumbens
frontal cortex |
|
|
Term
| what is the pleasure center of the brain? |
|
Definition
| mesolimbic dopamaine circuit |
|
|
Term
| if you discharge an electrode in the _ you ellict pleasure |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| animal will press bar to recieve stimulus if electrode in right area of brain |
|
|
Term
| what is self administraiton |
|
Definition
| animal will push bar to get dose of a drug to get hte pleasure high |
|
|
Term
| drugs like cocaine that are postive reinforces increase _ in the pleasure pathway |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is brain's natural morphine/heroin |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the brain's natural nicotine |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| drugs of abuse directly stimulate brains recptors in reward system causing _ release to get a high |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the reward learning part of the brain |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the reactive reward system? |
|
Definition
| the amygdala makes connection of reward learning with the VTA |
|
|
Term
| the reactive reward system does motivation and behavioral drive to achieve pleasure to avoid pain** |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| withdrawl anad cravings trigger drug seeking behavior how? |
|
Definition
| activating the reactive reward system |
|
|
Term
| whihc pathway can help build behavior to resist drugs? |
|
Definition
| reflective reward pathways |
|
|
Term
| what consists the reflective reward pathwasy |
|
Definition
| projections from prefrontal cortex to nucleus accumbens |
|
|
Term
Reflective pathway:
projections form the _ regulate impulses |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
reflective pathway:
regulates emotions |
|
Definition
| ventromedial prefrotnal cortex |
|
|
Term
reflective pathway:
this analyzes situation |
|
Definition
| dorsolateral prefrontal complex |
|
|
Term
| amygdala associates cues for a drug that causes pleasure: what does it signal to show something good is coming |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| high/low prefrontal activity = drug induced craving |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ACUTE drug use causes release of dopamaine where |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| chronic use of dug cna lead to adaptation of pathways and recptors: what are the two subgroups? |
|
Definition
pharmcodynamic
Pharmcokinetic |
|
|
Term
| the down regulation of receptors so that a response with same dose of medicaiton doenst work |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| the metabolism or excretion of a drug is what adaption?> |
|
Definition
| pharmcokinetic (like chronic barbituates) |
|
|
Term
| morphine withdrawal symtpoms-2 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| short term asbitence of a drug usually results in- |
|
Definition
| withdrawal syndrome (physical addiciton) |
|
|
Term
| long term absitence of a drug, even tho physical addition is gone there is still an occasional "crave" |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what is the greatest hurdle to overcome drug addiciton long term? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| is treatment with addiciotn short or long? |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what causes the most harm to indivduals and others? |
|
Definition
|
|
