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Exam 3
Ch. 14
34
Psychology
Undergraduate 3
11/15/2010

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Define social psychology
Definition
the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another.
Term
fundamental attribution error
Definition
the tendency, when analyzing another's behavior, to overestimate the influence of personal traits and underestimate the effects of the situation
Term
define the foot in the door phenomenon
Definition
the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request
Term
how does role playing affect attitudes and behaviors
Definition
what we do, we gradually become.
Term
describe Philip zimbardo's classic prison exp, which demonstrated the power of role playing on attitudes
Definition
college students arrested and told roles to play, thrown into a stressful situation and watched as attitudes and personalities changed.
Term
define cognitive dissonance
Definition
the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts clash. "when we become aware that our attitudes and our actions dont' match, we may change our attitudes so that we feel more comfortable.
Term
define the chameleon effect
Definition
Term
define conformity
Definition
adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard
Term
solomon Asch's famous experiment addressing conformity
Definition
different line comparison. people would agree with actors when they were the only one that didn't answer along with them.
Term
when are people most likely to conform
Definition
made to feel incompetent or insecure, in a group with at least three people, group in which everyone else agrees, admires the group's status and attractiveness, have not already committed ourselves to any response, know that others in the group will observe our behavior, are from a culture that strongly encourages respect for social standards.
Term
be familiar with stanley milgrams exp. addressing obedience.
Definition
teacher and student shock testing.
Term
did the teachers enjoy giving the shocks or wehre tehy distressed and upset as they shocked teh learners
Definition
they were distressed and upset
Term
define social facilitation.
Definition
stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others.
Term
understand the impact of the presence of others on a peroson performance on well learned tasks as well as the impact of the presence of others ona perosns performance on unmastered or difficult tasks.
Definition
Term
define social loafing
Definition
the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable.
Term
define group polarizatoin
Definition
the enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group
Term
define groupthink and give examples of it
Definition
the mode of thinking that ocurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives.
Term
how can leaders prevent groupthink from ocurring
Definition
two heads are better than one in solving many problems, leaders can make better decisions. they can welcome open debate, invite experts critiques of developing plans, and assign people to identify possible problems. "none of us are as smart as all of us"
Term
define prejudice
Definition
an unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group and its members. prejudice generally involves stereotyped beliefs negative feelings and predisposition to discriminatory action
Term
define stereotypes
Definition
a generalized belief about a group of people.
Term
define discrimination
Definition
unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members
Term
define the just world phenomenon
Definition
the tendency of people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get
Term
differentiate between an in group adn an out group
Definition
In group "us"-people with whom we share a common identity
Out "them" those perceived as different or apart from our group
Term
what is in group bias
Definition
the tendency to favor our own group.
Term
what is out group homogeneity
Definition
the tendency to view all out-group member as the same
Term
what is the relationship between proximity and friendship
Definition
proximity is geographic nearness is friendships most powerful predictor.
Term
define the mere exposer effect
Definition
the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them
Term
do we tend to develop friendships and romantic relationships with people who are similar to or opposite of us
Definition
similar
Term
differentiate between passionate love and companionate love.
Definition
passionate love is arousal state of intense positive absorption in another usually present at the beginning of a love relationship, companionate love is deep affection and attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined
Term
which type of love is longer lasting
Definition
companionate
Term
do non western cultures tend to view passionate love to be more important or less importatne than western cultures.
Definition
less important
Term
do non western cultures hae higher or lower divorce rates thatn western cultures
Definition
lower
Term
define altruism
Definition
unselfish concern for the welfare of others
Term
define the bystander effect
Definition
the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present.
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