Term
|
Definition
| the scientific study of how we think about, influence, and relate to one another. |
|
|
Term
| fundamental attribution error |
|
Definition
| the tendency, when analyzing another's behavior, to overestimate the influence of personal traits and underestimate the effects of the situation |
|
|
Term
| define the foot in the door phenomenon |
|
Definition
| the tendency for people who have first agreed to a small request to comply later with a larger request |
|
|
Term
| how does role playing affect attitudes and behaviors |
|
Definition
| what we do, we gradually become. |
|
|
Term
| describe Philip zimbardo's classic prison exp, which demonstrated the power of role playing on attitudes |
|
Definition
| college students arrested and told roles to play, thrown into a stressful situation and watched as attitudes and personalities changed. |
|
|
Term
| define cognitive dissonance |
|
Definition
| the theory that we act to reduce the discomfort we feel when two of our thoughts clash. "when we become aware that our attitudes and our actions dont' match, we may change our attitudes so that we feel more comfortable. |
|
|
Term
| define the chameleon effect |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| adjusting our behavior or thinking to coincide with a group standard |
|
|
Term
| solomon Asch's famous experiment addressing conformity |
|
Definition
| different line comparison. people would agree with actors when they were the only one that didn't answer along with them. |
|
|
Term
| when are people most likely to conform |
|
Definition
| made to feel incompetent or insecure, in a group with at least three people, group in which everyone else agrees, admires the group's status and attractiveness, have not already committed ourselves to any response, know that others in the group will observe our behavior, are from a culture that strongly encourages respect for social standards. |
|
|
Term
| be familiar with stanley milgrams exp. addressing obedience. |
|
Definition
| teacher and student shock testing. |
|
|
Term
| did the teachers enjoy giving the shocks or wehre tehy distressed and upset as they shocked teh learners |
|
Definition
| they were distressed and upset |
|
|
Term
| define social facilitation. |
|
Definition
| stronger responses on simple or well-learned tasks in the presence of others. |
|
|
Term
| understand the impact of the presence of others on a peroson performance on well learned tasks as well as the impact of the presence of others ona perosns performance on unmastered or difficult tasks. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the tendency for people in a group to exert less effort when pooling their efforts toward attaining a common goal than when individually accountable. |
|
|
Term
| define group polarizatoin |
|
Definition
| the enhancement of a group's prevailing inclinations through discussion within the group |
|
|
Term
| define groupthink and give examples of it |
|
Definition
| the mode of thinking that ocurs when the desire for harmony in a decision-making group overrides a realistic appraisal of alternatives. |
|
|
Term
| how can leaders prevent groupthink from ocurring |
|
Definition
| two heads are better than one in solving many problems, leaders can make better decisions. they can welcome open debate, invite experts critiques of developing plans, and assign people to identify possible problems. "none of us are as smart as all of us" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| an unjustifiable and usually negative attitude toward a group and its members. prejudice generally involves stereotyped beliefs negative feelings and predisposition to discriminatory action |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a generalized belief about a group of people. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unjustifiable negative behavior toward a group and its members |
|
|
Term
| define the just world phenomenon |
|
Definition
| the tendency of people to believe the world is just and that people therefore get what they deserve and deserve what they get |
|
|
Term
| differentiate between an in group adn an out group |
|
Definition
In group "us"-people with whom we share a common identity
Out "them" those perceived as different or apart from our group |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the tendency to favor our own group. |
|
|
Term
| what is out group homogeneity |
|
Definition
| the tendency to view all out-group member as the same |
|
|
Term
| what is the relationship between proximity and friendship |
|
Definition
| proximity is geographic nearness is friendships most powerful predictor. |
|
|
Term
| define the mere exposer effect |
|
Definition
| the phenomenon that repeated exposure to novel stimuli increases liking of them |
|
|
Term
| do we tend to develop friendships and romantic relationships with people who are similar to or opposite of us |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| differentiate between passionate love and companionate love. |
|
Definition
| passionate love is arousal state of intense positive absorption in another usually present at the beginning of a love relationship, companionate love is deep affection and attachment we feel for those with whom our lives are intertwined |
|
|
Term
| which type of love is longer lasting |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| do non western cultures tend to view passionate love to be more important or less importatne than western cultures. |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| do non western cultures hae higher or lower divorce rates thatn western cultures |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| unselfish concern for the welfare of others |
|
|
Term
| define the bystander effect |
|
Definition
| the tendency for any given bystander to be less likely to give aid if other bystanders are present. |
|
|
