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Exam 3
Chapter 14
39
Psychology
Undergraduate 1
12/09/2009

Additional Psychology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
anxiety
Definition
an unpleasant emotional state characterized by physical arousal and feelings of tension, apprehension , and worry.
Term
anxiety disorders
Definition
a category of psychological disorders in which extreme anxiety is the main diagnostic feature and causes significant disruptions in the persons cognitive, behavioral, or interpersonal functioning.
Term
generalized anxiety disorder (GAD)
Definition
An anxiety disorder characterized by excessive, global, and persistent symptoms of anxiety; also called free floating anxiety
Term
panic attack
Definition
a sudden episode of extreme anxiety that rapidly escalates in intensity.
Term
panic disorder
Definition
an anxiety disorder in which the person experiences frequent and unexpected panic attacks.
Term
phobia
Definition
a strong or irrational fear of something usually a specific object or situation, that does not necessarily interfere with the ability to function in daily life
Term
specific phobia
Definition
an anxiety disorder characterized by an excessive and irrational fear of a specific object or situation that interferes with the ability to function in daily life; formally called simple phobia
Term
social phobia or social anxiety disorder
Definition
an anxiety disorder involving the extreme and irrational fear of being embarrassed judges, or scrutinized by other in a social situation.
Term
agoraphobia
Definition
an anxiety disorder involving the extreme and irrational fear of experiencing a panic attack in a public situation and being unable to escape or get help.
Term
post traumatic stress disorder
Definition
an anxiety diorder in which chronic and persistent symptoms of anxiety develop in response to an extreme physical or psychological trauma.
Term
OCD (obsessive compulsive disorder)
Definition
an anxiety disorder in which the symptoms of anxiety are triggered by intrusive, repetitive thoughts and urges to perform certain tasks
Term
obsessions
Definition
repeated, intrusive, and uncontrollable irrational thoughts or mental images that cause extreme anxiety and distress
Term
compulsions
Definition
repetitive behaviors or mental acts that are performed to prevent or reduce anxiety.
Term
mood disorders
Definition
a category of mental disorders in which significant and persistent disruptions in mood or emotions cause impaired cognitive, behavioral, and physical functioning; also called affective disorders.
Term
major depression
Definition
a mood disorder characterized by extreme and persistent feelings of despondency worthlessness, and hopelessness, causing impaired emotional, cognitive, behavioral, and physical functioning.
Term
dysthymic disorder
Definition
a mood disorder involving chronic, low grade feelings of depression that produce subjective discomfort but do not seriously impair the ability to function.
Term
seasonal affective disorder (SAD)
Definition
a mood disorder in which episodes of depression typically occur during the fall and winter and subside during the spring and summer.
Term
bipolar disorder
Definition
a mood disorder involving periods incapacitating depression alternating with periods of extreme euphoria and excitement; formerly called manic depression
Term
manic episode
Definition
a sudden, rapidly escalating emotional state characterized by extreme euphoria, excitement, physical energy, and rapid thoughts of speech
Term
cyclothymic disorder
Definition
a mood disorder characterized by moderate but frequent mood swings that are not severe enough to qualify as bipolar
Term
eating disorder
Definition
a category of mental disorders characterized by severe disturbances in eating behaviors
Term
anorexia nervosa
Definition
an eating disorder characterized by excessive weight loss, an irrational fear of gaining weight, and distorted body self perception
Term
bulimia nervosa
Definition
an eating disorder characterized by binges of extreme overeating followed by self induced vomiting, misuse of laxatives, or other inappropriate methods to purge the excessive food and prevent weight gain.
Term
personality disorder
Definition
inflexible, maladaptive patterns of thoughts, emotions, behavior, and interpersonal functioning that are stable over and across situations, and deviate from the expectations of the individuals culture.
Term
paranoid personality disorder
Definition
a personality disorder characterized by a pervasive distrust and suspiciousness of the motive of others without sufficient basis.
Term
antisocial P D
Definition
pervasive pattern of disregarding and vil=olating the rights of others; such as individuals are also often referred to as psychopaths or sociopaths
Term
borderline P D
Definition
instability of interpersonal relationships, self image and emotions and marked impulsivity.
Term
dissociative experience
Definition
a break or disruption in consciousness during which awareness, memory, and personal identity become separated or divided.
Term
dissociative disorders
Definition
a category of psychological disorders in which extreme and frequent disruptions of awareness, memory, and personal identity impair the ability to function
Term
dissociative amnesia
Definition
a dissociative disorder involving the partial or total inability to recall important personal information
Term
dissociative fugue
Definition
a dissociative disorder involving sudden and unexpected travel away from home, extensive amnesia and identity confusion
Term
dissociative identity disorder (DID)
Definition
a dissociative disorder involving extensive memory disruptions along with the presence of two or more distinct identities, or "personalities"; formerly called multiple personality disorder
Term
schizophrenia
Definition
a psychological disorder in which the ability to function is impaired by severely distorted beliefs, perceptions, and thought processes.
Term
positive symptoms
Definition
on schizophrenia, symptoms that reflect excesses or distortions of normal funtioning, including delusions, hallucinations and disorganized thoughts and behaviors.
Term
negative symptoms
Definition
in schizophrenia symptoms that reflect defects or deficits in normal functioning, including flat affect, alogia, and avolition
Term
delusion
Definition
a falsely held belief that persists in spite of compelling contradictory evidence
Term
hallucinations
Definition
a false or distorted perception that seems vividly real to the person experiencing it.
Term
dopamine hypothesis
Definition
the view that schizophrenia is related to, and may by caused by, excessive activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain
Term
dopamine hypothesis
Definition
the view that schizophrenia is related to, and may by caused by, excessive activity of the neurotransmitter dopamine in the brain
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