Term
| bone grating manifestation |
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Definition
| crepitus: crackling sound |
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Term
| Age alone can cause kyphosis, how? |
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Definition
| loss of musculoskeletal integrity (weaker muscles, osteoporosis) |
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Term
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Definition
| ventral side facing examiner (lying on back, or standing facing examiner), with palms up/facing examiner |
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Term
| health history specific to musculoskeletal |
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Definition
| pain/swelling/stiffness, mobility aids, falls & ADLs |
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Term
| Physical Exam (musculoskeletal) |
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Definition
Inspection: alignment/posture/gait
Palpation: tenderness, crepitus
ROM & muscle testing |
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Term
| Functional assessment: movement |
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Definition
Standing from lying/sitting
walking, stairs
pick up objects off floor |
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Term
| Functional assessment: ADLs |
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Definition
Hygiene & Elimination
Eating
Communicating |
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Term
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Definition
| in addition to ortolani test: tests for CHD (congenital hip displacement); flex both knees vertically from horizontally supine baby, if one knee is lower than they other, possible CHD in ipsilateral hip |
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Term
| Metatarsus Adductus vs. club foot |
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Definition
begins at the metatarsals vs. involves the ankle and tarsus
resolves ~3 yrs vs. requires intervention |
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Term
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Definition
| "bow-legged" normal finding b/t 6 mo. and 2 years of age |
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Term
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Definition
| "knock-knee" normal finding b/t 2 and 11 years |
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Term
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Definition
| An often undiagnosed opening in the dorsal portion of some vertebrae; site of the lesion may look normal, dimpled, hairy, or discolored |
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Term
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Definition
parts of the meninges (the protective connective tissue layers of the spinal cord) grow outside of the openings in the vertebrae in cysts; "meningo-": meninges; "-cele": cyst
chronic complications unlikely |
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Term
| Spina Bifida Myelomeningocele |
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Definition
| Similar to SB Meningocele excepting that along with the meninges, the spinal cord itself protrudes through the unfused vertebrae, the meninges forming a sac around it |
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Term
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Definition
| "bifid spine" bifid meaning split (a snake's tongue is known as "bifid"); lack of fusion in one or more areas of one or more vertebrae: types depend on degree of separation and/or tissues which effuse through the split |
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Term
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Definition
| having more than the standard 20 phalanges |
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Term
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Definition
| condition where two or more digits are fused |
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Term
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Definition
| stiffness/fixation of a joint |
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Term
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Definition
| loss of function in the flexors of the foot (worsened by tight bed sheets) |
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Term
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Definition
| partial dislocation of a joint; in reference to spinal/cervical: pinches nerves can cause severe unforeseen signs and symptoms |
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Term
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Definition
effusion of/excess joint fluid (synovial fluid)
inflammation |
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Term
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Definition
swelling confined to area of joint: swelling of individual bursa; common in the elbow (olecranon) and shoulder (subacromial)
VS.
inflammation caused by uric acid deposits on joints, often multiple nearby joints swollen simultaneously (usually in the feet); tender |
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Term
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Definition
intravertebral disc protrudes from between vertebrae compressing spinal nerve roots
Manifests as distal pain, numbness, and/or decreased mobility |
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Term
| Spinal Curvature Abnormalities |
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Definition
Kyphosis: hunchback
Scoliosis: lateral sigmoid formation
Lordosis: sway back (opposite of kyphosis) |
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Term
Arthritis:
Rheumatoid vs. osteo- |
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Definition
systemic autoimmune attack on joints vs. abnormal wearing of joint cartilage
possible ankylosis vs. progressive degeneration
regular movement reduces pain vs. pain on movement |
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Term
| Causes of Involuntary Muscle Cramping |
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Definition
I've got a cramp in my HAND:
Hypocalcemia/Hypomagnesemia
Activity
Nerve impulse
Dehydration/Hypernatremia |
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Term
|
Definition
muscle weakness
caused by:
I've lost my FLARe!
Flaccidity
Low Potassium (Hypokalemia)
Atrophy
Rigidity |
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Term
| Signs of Compartment Syndrome |
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Definition
6 Ps:
Early:
Parasthesia
Pain
Pallor
Late:
Pressure
Paralysis
Pulselessness |
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Term
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Definition
| Full ROM against gravity, full resistance |
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Term
|
Definition
| decreased bone density: evidenced by decrease in bone size (vertebrae--> kyphosis); tenderness, easily bruised, etc. |
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