Term
| Check-off dollars used for: |
|
Definition
1) Generic promotion of dairy products
2) New product development (research)
3) Nutrition Education |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Active Involution
2. Steady State
3. Regeneration/Colostrum Production |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation of the mammary gland (udder) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflammation and/or infection of the uterus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Elevation of blood ketones |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Energy imbalance
2. Fat accumulation and mobilization
3. Butyric Acid - abnormally fermented feeds |
|
|
Term
| Hypocalcemia (milk fever) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the idea of it being morally acceptable to use animals for human purposes as long as they are treated humanely and no unnecessary suffering is caused |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the idea that it is not morally acceptable to use animals for human purposes, no matter the type of treatment because animals have rights similar or the same as humans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Farm Animal Welfare Committee |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Freedom from hunger and thirst
2. Freedom from discomfort
3. Freedom from pain, injury, and disease
4. Freedom to express normal behaviors
5. Freedom from fear and distress |
|
|
Term
| Freedom from Hunger and Thirst |
|
Definition
| by ready access to fresh water and a diet to maintain full health and vigor |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| by providing an appropriate environment including shelter and a comfortable resting area |
|
|
Term
| Freedom from Pain, Injury, and Disease |
|
Definition
| by prevention or rapid diagnosis and treatment |
|
|
Term
| Freedom to Express Normal Behaviors |
|
Definition
| by providing sufficient space, proper facilities, and company of the animal's own kind |
|
|
Term
| Freedom from Fear and Distress |
|
Definition
| by ensuring conditions and treatment which avoid mental suffering |
|
|
Term
| Top 3 major welfare issues |
|
Definition
1. Lameness
2. Dehorning/Debudding calves
3. Tail docking |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a cow that cannot stand due to injuring or disease |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Farmers Assuring Responsible Management |
|
|
Term
| 6 areas of F.A.R.M. program |
|
Definition
1. Nutrition
2. Animal Health
3. Management
4. Environment and Facilities
5. Handling, Movement, and Transport
6. Third-Party Verification |
|
|
Term
| Acceptable methods of euthanasia |
|
Definition
1. Chemical (barbiturates)
2. Physical (gunshot, captive bolt) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Chemical (potassium chloride, magnesium sulfate)
2. Physical (exsanguinate, second shot, pith) |
|
|
Term
| Unacceptable methods of euthanasia |
|
Definition
1. Blunt force trauma
2. Unapproved chemicals
3. Latrogenic air embolism
4. Sedation following unapproved chemicals for primary euthanasia
5. Conscious exsanguination
6. Electrocution
7. Drowning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 1. Reflexes - corneal, palpebral, righting 2. Rhythmic Respiration 3. Vocalization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Lack of an auscultable heartbeat
2. Absence of respiration
3. Loss of reflexes
4. Greying mucus membranes
5. Rigor mortis |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Sketches
2. Photographs
3. Tattoos
4. Brands
5. RFID |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Radio Frequency Identification |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Ear tags
2. Neck chains or straps
3. Leg bands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| making predictions of genetic merit and choosing breeding animals based on DNA sequences |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a packaged bundle of genes that determine the physical characteristics of an organism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Double helical structure that contains numerous genes |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A distinct portion of a cell's DNA that determines a portion of an animal's appearance, performance, behavior, etc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Building blocks of DNA
- A,C,G,T |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| alternative form of a gene at a given locus on a chromosome |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| region of a chromosome where a particular gene is located |
|
|
Term
| 4 major factors of genetic progress |
|
Definition
| 1. Accuracy of Selection 2. Selection Intensity 3. Genetic Variation 4. Generation Interval |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breeder's ability to select animals that are truly genetically superior for a given trait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dependent on the proportion and quality of animals kept as parents (breeding stock) for the next generation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| relative differences among animals that are controlled by genetic factors (a function of heritability) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| average age of a parent when all offspring are born |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the proportion of variation in a trait due to genetic factors |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Stature
2. Body Depth
3. Rump Angle
4. Rear teat Placement |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Rear Legs - Rear View
2. Foot Angle
3. Rear Legs - Side View
4. Rear Udder Width |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the difference in performance of animals that is caused by environmental effects |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Single-nucleotide polymorphism |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Animal Improvement Programs Laboratory |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Predicted Transmitting Ability |
|
|
Term
| Predicted Transmitting Ability |
|
Definition
| estimate of genetic superiority (or inferiority) that a bull or cow will transmit to their offspring for a given trait |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Bull "proofs" calculated by USDA-AIPL in cooperation with the CDCB |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Council for Dairy Cattle Breeding |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Gross dollar income of per lactation that future daughters of bulls will earn in excess of herdmates sired by bulls having a PTA$ equal to zero |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| measure of the estimated accuracy of the PTA, based on the amount of information included in the evaluation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| estimate of an animal's ability to improve the profits of the dairy farm |
|
|
Term
| Lifetime Net Merit Percentages |
|
Definition
35% Production Traits
48% Health Traits
17% Conformation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Fat pounds
2. Protein pounds |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Productive Life
2. SCS (Somatic Cell Score)
3. Daughter Pregnancy Rate
4. Calving Ability (sire/daughter calving ease/stillbirth) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1. Udder Composite
2. Feet and Leg Composite
3. Body Size |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Midwest Dairy Association |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Standard Operating Procedures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| National Association of Animal Breeders |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the amount of air that is whipped into ice cream |
|
|
Term
| 3 main ingredients of ice cream |
|
Definition
1. milk
2. sugar
3. vanilla |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| less than or equal to 100% |
|
|
Term
| Purpose of using rock salt when making ice cream |
|
Definition
| works as a stabilizer, so it forces the ice to melt and causes it to actually get colder |
|
|
Term
| Legal minimum amount of milk fat in ice cream |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| What causes ice cream to be "gritty" |
|
Definition
| from freezing ice cream too quickly because ice crystals form |
|
|
Term
| What causes ice cream to be "gummy" |
|
Definition
| from using old whipping cream |
|
|
Term
| How many pounds of whole milk does it take to make 1 lb. of butter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Minimum legal amount of milk fat that must be in butter |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Liquid remains when making butter |
|
Definition
|
|
