Term
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Definition
| Sebum producing. Found everywhere except palmar and plantar surfaces. Used to assist the skin with moisture retention and friction prevention |
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Term
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Definition
| Apocrine and eccrine glands. Used to maintain normal body temp by controlling evaporation and re-absorption of water. |
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Term
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Definition
| Fine, short, hypo-pigmented hair that covers most of the body |
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Term
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Definition
| Darker and coarser. Scalp, eyebrows, eyelashes, genitals, armpits and legs |
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Term
| What determines hair curliness? |
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Definition
| Shape of hair shaft. Oval is curlier. Round is straighter. |
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Term
| What determines hair color? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the parts of the hair shaft |
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Definition
| Cuticle, cortext, medulla |
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Term
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Definition
| Where it comes out of the finger |
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Term
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Definition
| The hard tranluscent shell |
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Term
| What grows faster, fingernails or toenails? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the functions of the skin |
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Definition
Protection
Barrier
Perception
Temperature regulation
Identification
Communication
Wound repair
Serves as an organ of absorption/excretion
Production of Vitamin D |
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Term
| What do we look for when assessing skin? |
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Definition
Temp, color, turgor, texture, moisture
` |
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Term
| Is skin a stand-alone assessment? |
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Definition
| No, we generally assess it while assessing other systems |
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Term
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Definition
| outmost layer. First line of defense. Avascular. No blood vessles. Relies on underlying tissue for getting rid of excrement and providing nutrition |
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Term
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Definition
Support layer for epidermis. Second layer. Facilitates exchange of oxygen, nutrients and waste products. It contains specialized cells that are responsible for preception of pain, light pressure vibration and temperature
` |
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Term
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Definition
| provides insulation, storage of caloric reserves and cushioning. This layer is composed of fat and loose connective tissue and contributes to skin mobility |
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Term
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Definition
Follow head-to-toe approach
Supine position to inspect anterior surfaces
Special attention to skin folds
Side-lying position to inspect posterior surfaces |
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Term
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Definition
| Bluish color. Shows that pt does not have enough oxygenated blood circulating |
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Term
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Definition
| Bluish color. Shows that pt does not have enough oxygenated blood circulating |
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Term
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Definition
| paleness. Due to stress, anxiety or underlying anemia |
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Term
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Definition
| redness. Seen with fever or localized infection. Due to excess blood in the superficial capillaries. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| How do we assess for vascularity |
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Definition
| press pads of fingers to skin and check for turning white. Also known as blanching. Upon release the color should turn back to normal. |
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Term
| What do we evaluate for lesions? |
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Definition
| Color, elevation, pattern, size, anatomic location, exudate |
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Term
| Pigmented Lesions evaluation |
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Definition
| Used for melanoma. Asymmetrical, border, color, diameter, elevation and enlargement (ABCDE) |
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Term
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Definition
| Measure of skin elasticity. Most accurate is on anterior chest just below mid clavicular area. |
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Term
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Definition
| : accumulation of fluid in the intracelluar space. Most evidenced in the dependent parts of the body such as the feet, legs, and sacrum in bed-ridden patients. |
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Term
| How do we assess for edema |
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Definition
| Gently press thumbs firmly along ankle bone or tibia. If your thumb leaves an indentation than there are pitting. It is possible to swell without pitting. Skin should remain smooth if there is no pitting |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Normal capillary refill time |
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Definition
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Term
| Nail from side should be what degree? |
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Definition
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Term
| What do we look for with nail assessment |
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Definition
Color
Shape and contour
Texture/consistency
Capillary refill |
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Term
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Definition
Wrinkles
Loss of subcutaneous fat
Diminished elasticity
Lentigo
Keratosis |
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Term
| Albumin malnutrition levels and what is it? |
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Definition
| <3.5mg/dL. Most common protein in blood. provides protein for growth and tissue repair |
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Term
| Weight loss malnutrition level |
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Definition
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Term
| Hemoglobin AIC malnutrition levels and why is this important |
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Definition
| < 6% moniter blood glucose control. If these are low there might be poor wound healing from surgery. |
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Term
| Glucose malnutrition levels |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Adjust for infants and children. Burns that are 20-25 percent require IV fluids, 30-40 percent can be fatal without more intensive medical treatment |
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Term
| What percent is each leg for adults? Children? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percent is the perineum in adults and children? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percent is each arm for both adults and child? |
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Definition
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Term
| What percent is the chest and back in both adults and children? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is the head percent for children, for adults? |
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Definition
| 9 percent adults front and back. Children is 18 percent. |
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