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Exam 2 Environmental Science
Bio-105
43
Environmental Studies
Undergraduate 1
10/03/2015

Additional Environmental Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
What factors determine an area's climate?
Definition
Incoming solar energy
The earth’s rotation
Global patterns of air and water movement
Gases in the atmosphere
The earth’s surface features
Term
Different types of deserts and what makes them different..
Definition
  • Tropical
  • Temperate
  • Cold
Term
Different types of grasslands and what makes them different..
Definition
  • Tropical-grazing/browsing animals.
  • Temperate-cold winters and hot summers often converted to farms.
  • Cold (Arctic Tundra)- Permafrost, animals have thick fur
Term
Different types of forests and why they are different..
Definition
  • Tropical-hot and high mositure, recycles of scarce soil nutrients
  • Temperate-cooler temperature and less moisture, broad leaf decidous trees
  • Cold- northern conferious, boreal
Term

How are humans disturbing terrestrial ecosystems?

How much is currently degraded?

Definition
  • Agriculture, large desert cities, farming, etc.
  • 60%
Term
Difference between aqautic species and examples...
Definition
  • Plankton-drifting organisms
  • Phytoplanton-primary producers for aquatic food webs.
  • Ultraplankton-Tiny bacteria
  • Zooplankton-Secondary Consumers
  • Nekton-Strong Swimmers
  • Benthos-Bottom dwellers
  • Decomposers- mostly bacteria
Term
Causes and effects of Ocean Acidification...
Definition
  • Oceans absorb C02
  • C02 reacts with oceans water to form weak acid
Term
Climate
Definition
Areas General Pattern of atmospheric conditions
Term
Weather
Definition
Set of physical conditions of the lower atmosphere
Term
Greenhouse effect
Definition
Trap solar energy and release it as heat
Term
Biome
Definition
Large land regions with certain types of climate and plant life
Term
Mass Extinction
Definition
Widespread and rapid decrease in the amount of life on earth.
Term
Background Extinction
Definition
Standard rate of extinction
Term
Habitat Fragmentation
Definition
Process where large habitats break down into smaller ones
Term
Poaching
Definition
Illegal hunting or capture of wild animals
Term
Threatened species
Definition
Any species vulnerable to extinction
Term
Endangered Species
Definition
Likely to become extinct
Term
Endangered species
Definition
Likely to become extinct
Term
Functionally Extinct
Definition
Species no longer plays a significant role in the ecosystem
Term
Pastures
Definition
Land covered with grass suitable for grazing animals
Term
Rangeland
Definition
Grassland, Shrubland, Wetland, etc. That are grazed by domestic livestock or wild animals.
Term
Habitat Corridors
Definition
Connects fragmented habitats. Separated by human activity.
Term
Buffer Zone
Definition
Zonal area that lays between two or more other areas.
Term
Wilderness
Definition
Uncultivated, uninhabited, and inhospitable region.
Term
Fish Farm
Definition
Place where fish are artificially bred or cultivated
Term
Fishery
Definition
Activity involved in catching fish
Term
Keystone Species
Definition
Plant or animal that plays a unique and crucial role in the way a ecosystem functions
Term
Mitagation
Definition
Steps taken to avoid certain impacts
Term
Food Desert
Definition
Parts of country vapid with fresh fruit, vegetables, and other foods.Due to lack of stores.
Term
Slash and Burn Agriculture
Definition
Technique that involves the cutting and burning of plants to create fields.
Term
Salinazation
Definition
Process where water soluble salts accumulate in the soil.
Term
Desertification
Definition
Type of land degradation in which dry land becomes arid.
Term
Waterlogging
Definition
Saturation of soil with water
Term
Alley Cropping
Definition
Planting rows of trees with wide spacing's and other plants planted in the spacing's.
Term
Polyculture
Definition
Using multiple crops in the same space
Term
Vertical Zones of the open sea
Definition
  • Euphotic Zone-Top of ocean, little nutrients, phytoplankton.
  • Bahtyal Zone-Dimly lit, Smaller fish.
  • Abyssal Zone-Bottom of ocean, not really explored, big fish and other creatures.
Term
What is happening to chesapeake bay?
Definition
Depletion of oysters
Term
What is happening to Haiti?
Definition
Earthquake?
Term
What is the harm of invasive species?
Definition
  • Disease
  • Change foot webs
  • Decreasing biodervisity
  • Out-competing native species
Term
HIPPCO
Definition
  • H-Habitat destruction, fragmentation, degradation
  • I-Invasion
  • P-Population and resource growth
  • P-Pollution
  • C-Climate Change
  • O-Over Exploitation

Greatest threat to our environment

Term
What is happening to bees?
Definition
Colony Collapse Disorder
Term
Three grain crops that sustain majority of humans?
Definition
Rice, Maize, Wheat
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