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SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1650 in Italy

St. Peter's Colonade

by Bernini

- Made by gifted prodigy Bernini

- Represented the "arms" of the church

- Obelisk from Egypt was brought to the center to symbolize Christian triumph over other rleligions

- Sculptures line the entire colonade to represent important figures from the Bible

- Shaped as a Keyhole and features trapezoids instead of squares

SOUTHERN BAROQUE, 1600 in Italy

St. Peters Remodel

by Maderno

- In the counter reformation, St. Peters was redone again

-Added a nave to make the church look like a cross instead of a central structure

- The extended nave dwarfs the original dome

- Very gigantic and extravagant (Very Classic of the Baroque)

- Classical elements are getting to be sculpturesque (3d entrance to the church)

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1625 in Italy

David

by Bernini

- Livesize and made of marble

- Cardinal commissioned this piece of art

- Depicted about to strike in the motion of battle

-Dynamic and shaped diagonally (much like the Boroque)

- Thought to be a self portrait of Bernini

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1650 in Italy

St. Teresa in Ecstasy

by Bernini

- Family is carved in relief on the side of the sculpture itself

- Marble centered

- Looks as if it is floating

- Golden rods symbolize sunlight and glory of God being shown down

- St. Teresa, the nun, felt as she was peirced in the chest with a passionate arrow of Christ

-Arrow is shown stabbing Teresa with the arrow

- Diagonal lines, in the middle of motion with emotion, drama

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1650 in Italy

San  Carlo alle Quattro Fontane

by Borromini

- Borromini commited suicide because he was jealous of Bernini

- In the center of an intersection

- Made as a more "intimate" small church of the public

- Fountains on each side

- Modern depiction in grey/white, to be simple and beautiful

-Honeycomb coffers on the inside get smaller and smaller as they go up to make the dome look larger than it is on the inside

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1600 in Italy

Calling of St. Matthew

by Caravaggio

- The biblical figures are dressed in modern clothes, makes it more realistic and relatable

- Tenebrism: dramatic sources of light and contrasting dark

- Peter & Jesus calling Matthew to be an apostle

- Small, subtle hint of halo for more grace instead of abnoxious ones from renaissance

- Christ's hand resembles Michaelangelo's Creation of Adam. Adam's hand is simliar.

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1600 in Italy

Conversion of St. Paul

by Caravaggio

- Paul has just fallen off his horse

- Black background with dramatic light and dark lit figures - tenebrism

- Figures imperfections are present to show realism/naturalism (growing interest of the Boroque)

- Caravaggio wants religious paintings to be more realistic and believable

- Diagonal, motion, emotion

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1625 in Italy

Judith Slaying Holofernes

by Artemisia

- Judith killed Holofernes to save the Jews

- Strong female character influenced by Artemisia's life

- May be a life story depiction of her slaying her rapist

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1625 in Italy

La Pittura

by Artemisia

- Self portrait of Artemisia herself

- Depicted painting, doing her own craft

- Not a frontal portrait which was common during the renaissance

- In the action of painting and not focused on us

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1600 in Italy

Love of the Gods (in the Farnese Palace)

by Annibale

- Painted frames to give the illusion of flat paintings on a ceiling (tromploi)

- Quadrio riportato: term to describe fake painted frames on a painting

- Realistic lighting to light painted sculptures; looks like it's lit from the actual light in the palace

- Mythological focus - not religious

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1625 in Italy

Glorication of the Reign of Urban VIII

by Pietro da Cortona

- Tromp l'oeil raises ceiling higher than it actually is

- Contains a lot of painted sculptures to look like it continues the actual architecture of the room

- Allegory

- Represents the mass power of the church, the glory and epicness

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1625 in Spain

Crucifixion

by Velazquez

- Realistic wood and body

- Placed on a wooden board to get more realistic posture

- Starved body, more realistic tones

- Devotional religious

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1625 in Spain

Surrender of Breda

by Velazquez

- One of the first contemporary history paintings

- Depicting a recent event of the current period, the surrender of Breda to the Spainish from the Dutch

- Breda was a border town

- Lots of commotion, almost telling a story through actions

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SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1650 in Spain

Venus with a Mirror (or "Rokeby Venus")

by Velazquez

- A very sensual painting

- Includes son cupid holding a mirror for Venus to admire her beauty

- Very modest because we see her back and only her face in the mirror

- Painted with a "painterly" approach, we see the brush strokes of the artist

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1650 in Spain

Les Meninas (Maids of Honor)

by Velazquez

- Princess Margarita le Infanta is depicted stopping by to say hello to mom and dad

- Queen and King are being painted

- We can see the King and Queen through the mirror on the back

- Man in the doorway is directing our eyes

- Velazquez is self portrayed in this, later added a cross to put emphasis on his elite status

- Painterly Approach

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1600 in Flanders

Raising of the Cross

by Rubens

- Rubens worked with lots of students and it is unsure of which paintings were actually by him

- This was by Rubens himself

- Triptych

- Influenced by the high renaissance: Michaelangelo's strong bodies, Titian's color, and Caravaggio's tenebrism (lighting)

- Motion and emotion, lots of drama, diagonal lines

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NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1625 in Flanders

Venus & Adonis

by Rubens

- Motion scene, Venus is a diagonal connecting with Adonis

- Men are darker and women are more fair, this is true of the renaissance and boroque period

- Brush strokes are present, painterly

- Ruben painted "plump" women who would later be known as "rubensian women"

- Baby cupid is begging Adonis to stay

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1625 in England (from Flanders)

Charles I on Horseback

by Anthony Van Dyck

- Painterly style

- Equestrian image of an important person on horseback

- Very noble portrait

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1625 in Holland

Laughing Cavalier

by Frans Hals

- Portrait in the moment, spontaneous, more of the boroque period

- Smirk instead of head on and calm

- Painterly style of Frans Hals (very recognizable)

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1650 in Holland

Self Portraits

by Rembrandt van Ryn

- van Ryn did many self portraits throuhgout his life (75 estimated)

- More of self exploration than vain

- Rags to riches to rags kind of story

- Lots of heartache, can see emotion

- Painterly style

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1625 in Hollant

Blinding of Samson

by Rembrandt van Rijn

- Biblical story of Delilah and Samson

- Even though no one commissioned idol worship art pieces in Holland, you could still choose to paint them for your own benefit

- Van Rijn expressed his belief and faith through art

- Blinding of Samson after his hair has been cut by Delilah

- She is running away

- Motion and emotion

- Tenebrism from Caravaggio, dramatic use of light

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1650 in Holland

Night Watch

by Rembrandt van Rijn

- Originally a day scene, but the darkening of years earned the name Night Watch

- Depicted Militia

- Rembrandt's wife is said to be depicted, with a dead chicken hanging from her

- Claws of the chicken represent the militia's code of arms

- Diagonal line

- Group portrait, but not everyone was painted with fairness as some are more important than others and he wanted to make it interesting

- Unlike Dutch paintings because of it's extreme size

SOUTHER BOROQUE, 1625 in Italy

Baldacchino (Inside St. Peters)

by Bernini

- Columns inside St. Peters

- Twisted columns

- Cast bronze & guilded

- Bees to represent the patron & that Peter gave off a sweet scent instead of his body rotting when he died

- above the tomb of Peter

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1650 in Italy

Louis XIV

by Bernini

- Made when Bernini traveled up to Paris

- Sun King

- Motion, action, reaction

- Flowing fabric

SOUTHERN BOROQUE, 1625 in Italy

Judith and her Maidservant

by Artemesia

- Another part of the Judith and Holofernes story

- Inspired by her life story

- After the slaying, head in the basket

- Women as subjects

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1675 in Holland

View of Haarlem

by Ruisdael

- Lots of sky, typical of the Dutch in this time period

- Very proud of land

- Actual place with actual landmarks

- Shows industry

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1675 in Holland

Lace Maker

by Vermeer

- Camera obscura: projected light to trace or show images of subjects

- Genre scene, act of daily life

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1675 in Holland

Geographer

by Vermeer

- Geographer shown making a map (important of Holland because they are very proud of their land)

- Camera obscura, beads of light

- Great window light source, Caravaggio inspired

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1650 in Holland

View of Delft

by Vermeer

- Landscape

- View of Vermeers hometown

- Lots of sky

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1700 in Holland

Flower Still Life

by Ruysch

- Flowers were kind of like a momento mori - reminder of death

- Lots of color

- Female artist, Rachel Ruysch

- Her father was a botanist so that's why she paints flowers

- Studies different flowers, not all of these were in bloom when this was painted

- Tulipmania

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1625 in France

Assumption of the Virgin

by Poussin

- Mary rising into heaven after she was buried in her tomb

- Very classical

- Angels

- Sense of motion, yet still calm and orderly like Renaissance paintings

- Louis XIV preferred style of art

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1650 in France

Ashes of Phokion

by Poussin

- Looks like a landscape, which is out of the ordinary for Poussin who stated landscape is meaningless

- Poussin was the head of the Art School in France

- Influenced artists all over france

- Shows a woman gathering ashes of her dead father (supposed to be the subject)

- Trees are calm and orderly to promote renaissance peace and stability

- Setting is not real, unlike landscape

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1650 in France

Landscape with Hagar and the Angel

by Claude

- Showing servant girl Hagar running away after getting pregnant by married man, Abraham.

- Angel stops her as she's running away, tells her that her baby will do great things, and tells her to go back to Hagar's wife Sarah

- Balanced painting (trees on the side, lots of sky to fill space)

- Buildings mark distance

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1700 in France

Louis XIV

by Rigaud

- Showing Sun King in his glory

- Loves showing off his legs, ballet dancer

- Prefers full body portraits (king)

- Lots of symbolism and representation of his wealth/success

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1675 in France

Louvre

by Perrault, Le Bau, and Le Brun

- Large home for kings, but Louis XIV wanted it bigger

- Denied project for Bernini, passed it to these three

- Double columns

- Renaissance temple structure

- Very straight and structured

- Now a museum

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1675 in France

Palace of Versailles

by Le Brun and Le Vau

-  Large palace made extremely large for Louis XIV's stay

- Fountains around every corner

- Took almost all of France's money

- Gardens and meadows all around

- Could fit 25,000 people

NORTHERN BOROQUE, 1675 in England

St. Paul's Cathetral

by Wren

- Inspired by gothic architecture (towers on the side)

- Double columns from classic French architecture (Inspired by the Louvre)

- Dome like St. Peters

ROCOCO, 1775 in England

Mrs. Sheridan

by Gainsborough

- Aristocratic patron, typical of rococo

- Pastels, love of landscape

- Elegant and precise, very refined

ROCOCO, 1750 in England

Marriage a la Mode

by Hogarth

- 6 part series of paintings telling the story of an unfortunate marriage of aristocrats in England

- Making fun of aristocrats

- Precise, refined figures showing emotion

- Pastel coloring

ROCOCO, 1750 in France

Hotel de Soubise (Room de la Princesse)

by Boffrand

- Hotel for parties

- Room in the city

- Pastel, ornate

- Not measured exact space

- women had fancy parties in the city

- Oval rooms

- Delicate and precise

ROCOCO, 1725 in France

Pilgramage to Cythera

by Watteau

- Real people in a mythological setting

- Cythera is an imaginary island of love and peace

- Aristocrats visiting but have to return to their life

- Pastels and Rubenistic style

- Painterly approach

ROCOCO, 1750 in France

Venus Consoling Love

by Boucher

- Venus consoling a baby cupid who can't shoot a bow correctly

- Mythological scene

- Diagonal motion, however it is elegant and soft

- Pastel

- Rococo style

ROCOCO, 1650 in France

The Swing

by Fragonard

- Pastel, aristrocat subject

- Priest in the dark, pushing girl

- Naughty painting

- Cupid is shown saying "shhh"

- Landscape is the setting but people are subject (much like rococo)

ROCOCO, 1775 in France

Marie Antoinette

by Vigee Le Brun

- Vigee Le Brun made people look very flattering

- Marie Antoinette thought Vigee le Brun was amazing

- Lonely, queen of Louis XVI

- Pastels, showing rich and success with her clothes