Term
Fungi/Eukaryotes
Cell Walls |
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Definition
Slime layer or capsule for attachment
-Fungi, protozoa, some algae |
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Definition
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Definition
| Semipermeable lipid bilayer (phospholipid/proteins) |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Ribosomal RNA (rRNA synthesis) |
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Term
| Endoplasmic Reticulum (RER and SER) |
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Definition
RER: Packing and transport of ribosomes
SER: No ribosomes, store lipids, cisternae |
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Definition
| Digest food and for protection |
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Definition
| Storage for digestion or excretion |
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Definition
| Vacuoles and Lysozomes together |
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Definition
| Energy producers (can contain DNA) - considered primitive bacteria |
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Definition
Energy via photosynthesis.
Some Algae, plant cells have photosynthetic pigment |
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Definition
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Definition
Similar to a prokaryote, can be symplistic, but can also be very complex.
*Flexible framework of microfilaments and microtubules |
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Definition
Mushrooms, puffballs, gill fungi
AND
Mold/yeast |
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Definition
| Round, ovoid shape, asexual reproduction, budding similar to fission, yet not a cell cycle |
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Definition
| Long, filamentous fungi or mold |
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Definition
| Entire "colonly" of hyphae and spores |
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Definition
| Yeast physically changes to become a mold or vice versa (physically changes its morphology dependent on temperature, esp. in lungs) |
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Definition
| NOT OBLIGATE - usually saprobes (eg. dead trees) |
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Term
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Definition
| Fungal Infections, usually in cooler darker places like the feet |
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Term
| Fungal Reproduction - Sexual |
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Definition
| Primarily through the spores on hyphae |
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Term
| Fungal Reproduction - Asexual |
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Definition
Spores through budding or mitosis
-Conida and sporangium spores |
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Definition
| Like a Dandilion, encased and not as bad |
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Term
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Definition
| 5 Different types, phialospores, look like broccoli, most spores |
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Term
| Fungal Classification (According to Sexual Reproduction) |
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Definition
Phylum Zygomycota - zygospores
Phylum Ascomycota - ascospores and conidia (food related) |
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Term
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Definition
Isolation on specific media,
Macro/micro ID of Asexual/spore forming structures/spores, hyphal type, colony margins, physiological characteristics, and genetic makeup |
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Term
| Adverse Effects of Fungus |
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Definition
Mycoses (infection)
Allergies
Toxins
Destroy Foods |
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Term
| Beneficial Effects of Fungus |
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Definition
Antibiotics
Break down Waste
Alcohol
Organic acids/vitamins
Foods
Genetic Studies |
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Term
Major Fungal Infections in Humans - Superficial (Skin)
Outer/Mucous, Epidermis/Hair, Dermis |
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Definition
| Tinea, athletes foot, nail fungus, ringworm |
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Term
Major Fungal Infections in Humans - Systemic
Lungs |
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Definition
Coccydiodes: In construction and natural disaster
Histoplasmosis: Primarily from guano/bird poo |
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Term
Major Fungal Infections in Humans - Systemic
Brain (from initial Lung infection) |
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Definition
| Cryptococcus: Fungal meningitis/pneumonia |
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Term
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Definition
| Algae, protozoa (in or near H2O) |
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Definition
Photosynthesize, create all oxygen for the water (macro or micro)
Classified according to color (pigment) - may or may not have flagella
Often used in cosmetics due to color |
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Term
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Definition
| Found in H2O, mud, etc. Have all different shapes (micro) and are colonial and multicellular (macro) |
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Term
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Definition
| Most are free-living in fresh or marine water, produce a lot of atm. O2 |
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Term
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Definition
| Produce most potent neurotoxins, generally associated with seafood (e.g. Red Tide Algae, paralyzes diaphragm - neutrilized by heat). |
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Definition
Unicellular: Super important in environment but harmful to humans - can be spread by insect vectors
Heterotrophic, lack chloroplasts, feed by engulfing microbes and organic matter.
Sexual/Asexual reproduction (conjugation) |
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Term
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Definition
| Feeding stage of Protozoa |
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Term
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Definition
| Resting/dormant stage of Protozoa |
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Term
| Classification of Protozoa (by Movement) |
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Definition
Flagellar, Ameboid, and Cilia (and Apicomplexa)
Mastigophora
Sarcodina
Ciliophora
Apicomplexa |
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Term
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Definition
| Flagellar movement (sexual) of Protozoa |
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Term
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Definition
| Ameboid movement (asexual fission, free living) of Protozoa |
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Term
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Definition
| Cilia on trophozoits/cysts |
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Term
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Definition
| Had movement, but no longer has it (eg. Malaria) |
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Definition
Only multicellular - have primitive organ systems, always parasitize host tissue.
Can produce egg/sperm (girl, boy, or both)
Fertlized eggs go through larval period in or out of host body |
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Term
| Mouth parts for attachment/digestion (Helminths) |
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Definition
| Hooks, suckers, or both (scolex) |
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Term
| Major Groups of Parasitic Helminths |
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Definition
1. Cesstodes (flatworm-tapeworm)
2. Trematodes (flatworm-fluke)
3. Nematode (roundworm) |
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Term
| How are Helminths acquired? |
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Definition
| Primarily through ingestion, but in other areas they are acquired from soil, water, insect vectors (closer to equator). |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-amebic dysentery |
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Definition
| Entamoeba hystolica, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Chagas disease |
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Definition
| Trypanosoma cruzi, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Tapeworm |
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Definition
Tania saginata (Beef), Helminth
Tania solium (Pork) |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Hookworm |
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Definition
| Necator amaericanus, Helminth |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-African sleeping sickness |
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Definition
| Trypanisoma bruceii, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Pinworm |
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Definition
| Enterobius vermicularis, Helminth |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Filariasis (Elephantiasis) |
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Definition
| Wuchereria bancrofti, Helminth |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Amebic menigoencephalitis |
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Definition
| Naegleria fowleri, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Malaria |
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Definition
| Plasmodium vivax malaria ovale or falciparum, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Toxoplasmosis |
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Definition
| Toxoplasma gondii, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Trichinellosis |
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Definition
| Trichinella spiralis, Helminth |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Whipworm |
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Definition
| Tricuris trichiura, Helminth |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-River Blindness |
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Definition
| Onchocerca vovulus, Helminth |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Contact lens wearers blindness |
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Definition
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Ciliated protozoa causes diarrhea |
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Definition
| Balantidium coli, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Trichomoniasis STD |
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Definition
| Trichomonas vaginalis, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Giardiasis |
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Definition
| Giardia lamblia, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Leishmaniasis Cutaneous, Espundia, and Systemic (kala alazar) |
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Definition
| Leishmania species, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Sarcocytosis |
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Definition
| Sarcocystis species, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Chronic diarrhea |
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Definition
| Cryptosporidium parvum, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Cyclosporiasis |
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Definition
| Cyclospora cayetanensis, Protozoa |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Redwater fever of Cattle (tick bourn) aka Babesiosis aka Cyclic Fever |
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Definition
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Intestinal Roundworm Indigenous to Humans |
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Definition
| Ascaris lumbricoides, Helminth |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Threadworm |
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Definition
| Strongyloides stercorlis and Trichinella spiralis, Helminths |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-African Eye Worm |
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Definition
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Trematodes |
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Definition
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Liver Fluke |
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Definition
| Clonorchis and Fasciola hepatica, Helminths |
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Term
Match Disease with Causative Agent
-Lung Fluke |
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Definition
| Paragonimus westermani, Helminth |
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Term
Match Disease with Mode of Transmission
-Amebic Dysentary |
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Definition
| ingestion of food contaminated by human feces |
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Term
Match Disease with Mode of Transmission
-Chagas disease |
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Definition
| bite from the reduviid bug |
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Term
Match Disease with Mode of Transmission
-Cyclosporiasis |
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Definition
| Ingesting fecally contaminated water or produce |
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Term
Match Disease with Mode of Transmission
-Toxoplasmosis |
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Definition
| Contact with cats/cat feces or ingesting rare or raw meat |
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Term
Match Disease with Mode of Transmission
-Giardiasis |
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Definition
| ingestion of cysts in water contaminated by wild animal feces |
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Term
Match Disease with Mode of Transmission
-Tapeworm |
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Definition
| eating poorly cooked beef or pork |
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Term
Match Disease with Mode of Transmission
-Filariasis |
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Definition
| bite from an Anopheles mosquito |
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Term
Match Disease with Mode of Transmission
-Schistosomiasis |
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Definition
| Freshwater snail vector releases infectious stage (cercaria) |
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Term
Match Disease with Mode of Transmission
-Ascariasis |
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Definition
| water or food contaminated with human feces containing eggs |
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Term
Match Disease with Mode of Transmission
-River Blindness |
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Definition
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