Term
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Definition
A, D, E, K
More likely to be toxic than water soluble vitamins. |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
| Unstable oxygen containing molecules that can damage the cells in the body and contribute to chronic diseases. |
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Term
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Definition
| Night blindness and xerophthalmia. |
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Term
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Definition
| Antioxidant, protects cell membranes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Essential for blood clotting. |
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Term
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Definition
| Melanin & sunscreen reduce production, regulates calcium and phosphorus in bones. |
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Term
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Definition
| Rickets, osteomalacia, osteoporosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Coenzymes, help produce and facilitate chemical reactions. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deficiency of this leads to Beriberi, or a loss of appetite and weight. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deficiency of this leads to pellagra, or dermatitis, diarrhea, dementia, and death. |
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Term
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Definition
| Deficiency of this leads to neural tube birth defects. |
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Term
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Definition
| This requires intrinsic factor, protein made in the stomach, in order to be absorbed. This absorption decreases with age. |
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Term
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Definition
| Also known as ascorbic acid, this prevents scurvy and is needed to make collagen. It is also an antioxidant. |
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Term
| Who may benefit from a vitamin supplement? |
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Definition
| Pregnant or lactation women, old people, vegetarians, people with food allergies, medical conditions, or low calorie diets. |
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Term
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Definition
| The most abundant substance in the body. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Fluid between cells and in blood. |
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Term
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Definition
| Minerals that help maintain fluid balance. |
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Term
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Definition
| Universal solvent, helps with chemical reactions, helps transport oxygen, nutrients, and hormones to cells, helps maintain body temp, lubricant, protective cushion. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Most of this in our diets comes from processed foods. |
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Term
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Definition
| This mineral comes from fruits and vegetables. |
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Term
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Definition
| This mineral is the most abundant in our bodies. |
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Term
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Definition
| A deficiency of this mineral is the most common nutritional disorder. |
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Term
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Definition
| Iron that comes from animal sources. |
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Term
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Definition
| Iron that comes from plant sources, Vitamin C increases the absorption of this. |
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Term
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Definition
| This mineral is part of selenoprotiens, it is an antioxidant, and the amount in our food varies based upon soil contents in our area. |
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Term
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Definition
| A deficiency of selenium common in ares with selenium poor soils. |
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Term
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Definition
| Adding this mineral to drinking water has cut down dental caries. |
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Term
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Definition
| This mineral increases the effectiveness of insulin in cells. |
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Term
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Definition
| A deficiency of this causes Goiter, or an enlarged thyroid gland. |
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Term
| Moderate Alcohol Consumption |
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Definition
| 1 drink for adult women and 2 for adult men. |
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Term
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Definition
12oz Beer
5oz Wine
1.5oz Liquor |
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Term
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Definition
| Increase HDL cholesterol, interferes with insulin and glucagon, higher risk of osteoporosis, higher estrogen levels in women, sexual dysfunction, disrupt sleep, dehydration, electrolyte imbalance. |
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Term
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Definition
| How many calories are in a gram of alcohol? |
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Term
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Definition
| How much alcohol has been proven safe for a pregnant woman to drink? |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Skin fold thickness, bioelectrical impedance, dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry, underwater weighing, air displacement. |
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Term
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Definition
| This energy balance leads to fat storage and weight gain. |
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Term
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Definition
| This energy balance leads to weight loss. |
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Term
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Definition
Basal Metabolism (BMR)= 50-70%
Thermic Effect (TEF)= 10%
Physical Activities= 20-35% |
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Term
| BMR (basal metabolic rate) |
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Definition
| Minimum energy needed to meet basic physiological needs. |
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Term
| TEF (thermic effect of food) |
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Definition
| Amount of calories expended to digest, absorb, and process food. About 10% of calories from food eaten. |
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Term
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Definition
| This leads to liver glycogen depletion as well as rapid weight loss in low carb diets. |
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Term
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Definition
| This requires change in diet, physical activity, and behavior. |
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Term
| Ways to have a healthy diet |
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Definition
| More high volume foods, more watery fruits and veggies, more foods with high fiber, more low energy density foods. |
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