Term
| SLP-Speech and Language Pathologist |
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Definition
| assess, diagnose, treat and help prevent disorders related to speech, language and cognitive commuication |
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Term
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Definition
| American Speech and Hearing Association |
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Term
| AAC-Augmentative and alternate communication |
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Definition
| speech by individ is replaced with another form of communication (typed, sign, picture board) |
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Term
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Definition
| normal IQs, achievement problem |
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Term
| RTI-Response to Intervention |
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Definition
use of evidence based classroom instruction
ensures high quality instruction before being identified |
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Term
| BIP-Behavioral Intervention Plan |
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Definition
| formal plan for students wo display challenging behavior |
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Term
| FBA-Functional Behavioral Assessment |
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Definition
| seriousness of problem, conditions it occurs (when, where), info on environment, setting demands, possible functions of behavior, analyze info, hypoth of function of behavior/plan for replacement, develop/implement BIP |
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Term
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Definition
| forming, transmitting and comprehending messages |
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Term
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Definition
| formalized code a group of people use to communicate (what sounds mean) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| Component of Language- Form |
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Definition
phonology- rules that determine how sounds can be sequenced, which sounds are used, min unit that changes a word
morphology- meaning of sounds/sequences within words (un/pro), prefixes and suffixes
syntax- rules of grammar, how to combine words |
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Term
| Component of Language- Content |
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Definition
| semantics- rules for the meaning of words, generational differences |
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Term
| Component of Language-Use |
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Definition
| Pragmatics- rules for communication (socially acceptable), influence of context |
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Term
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Definition
| stuttering, impaired articulation, language impairment, voice impairment that adversely affects education |
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Term
| Speech impairment-related to production of language, easiest to fix/outgrow |
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Definition
Voice- husky, hyper/hyponasality
Fluency- stuttering (block on sound), dont finish sentence
articulation-
*distortions- lisp
* omissions- pay for play
*additions- pulay for play
*substitutions- wed for red |
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Term
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Definition
Form-sentence structure and morphological endings
Content-vocab
Use-communicative function and conversational ability
Delay- Skills develop more slowly than expected but are even across areas and follow a typical sequence
Expressive- difficulty producing language
Receptive- have difficulty understanding language |
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Term
| Dialect/ 2nd Language Acquisition |
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Definition
dialect- language patterns characterized by a certain group of people
Speech and lang differences based on D/2LA NOT disorders
person communicating in a way that is accepted by community? |
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Term
| Dialect/ 2nd Language Acquisition |
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Definition
dialect- language patterns characterized by a certain group of people
Speech and lang differences based on D/2LA NOT disorders
person communicating in a way that is accepted by community? |
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Term
| Teacher/SLP collaboration |
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Definition
| teacher has more opportunity to reinforce the skills the SLP has targeted for the student |
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Term
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Definition
-psychological processes involved in understanding or in using language, spoken or written, which disorder may manifest itself in an imperfect ability to listen, think, speak, read, write, spell, or to do mathematical calculations.
*includes-brain injury, dyslexia
*doesn't include-learning problem that is result of visual, hearing,motor disabilities,mental retardation, emotional disturbance, or environmental, cultural, or economic disadvantage. |
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Term
| IDEA definition of LD criticized because |
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Definition
Reference to basic psychological processes
Inclusion of spelling
Inclusion of obsolete terms
Wording of exclusionary clause- sounds like if I have these problems I can’t have a learning disability
Inconsistencies in application
Wait to fail approach |
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Term
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Definition
unexpected difference between general ability and achievement (expected vs actual achievement)
-IQ test normal, below grade level academically (reading level) |
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Term
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Definition
Primary- instruction for all students
Secondary-targeted instruction for those not achieving as expected
Tertiary- strategic/intense intervention for intensive needs |
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Term
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Definition
Problem-Solving-individual tailored plans on case-by-case study
Standard Protocol-proscribed procedures to adress problems at each stage
Combination |
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Term
| Academic Characteristics of LD |
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Definition
Reading Problems- ex. Phonological structure in oral language
Math- ex quick facts, word problems
Written expression- vocab, grammar, spelling, working memory (think of something to use later)
Attention problems- attention, finding whats important
Metacognitive deficits- thinking about thinking, read haven’t understood |
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Term
| Social/Behavioral Characteristics of LD |
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Definition
social cues (sarcasm)
difficulty helping others
difficulty accepting authority
difficulty interacting
los social status |
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Term
| "Big Ideas" in teaching LD student |
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Definition
-Beginning Reading- phonemic awareness, vocab/comprehen
-written expression in high school-plan, draft, revise/edit
-mediated scaffolding- instructional support until they can solve on their own (hints- fraction problem)
-judicious review- opportunity to apply info already taught, info integrated into complex tasks
-conspicuous strategy- steps used to accomplish a task/solve a problem- mnemonics, study skills, test taking |
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Term
| Reaction to Simulation in Class, Strategies to eliminate |
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Definition
-stress, confusion, anger
- more time for responses, provide different way of looking at the problem, don't ask another student to "help" |
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Term
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Definition
-higher dropout rate
-make more $ than non-LD first 4 years after high school, less after
-many not able to live on their own/be independent |
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Term
| Major Issues Ass with Reading Difficulties |
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Definition
-higher risk for academic difficulty and drop out
-increased risk for referral
-preventable with proper instruction and support |
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Term
| Attributes of good readers |
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Definition
-Phonological Awareness- listening skills(rhyming, blending)
-Word ID-letter sound patterns
-Fluency- reading accurately, quickly and with expression
-Vocab- knowing meaning of words
-Comprehension- understand what is read |
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Term
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Definition
1. Prereading- ABCs, scribbling, symbols
2. initial- learning to read (Early Reader books)
3.conformation, fluency, ungluing from text (dont focus on individual letter sounds, combining skills
4.reading to learn- SS book
5. multiple viewpoints- perspective, c/c, this author v that
6. construction and reconstruction- research paper |
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Term
| 5 major components of reading instruction |
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Definition
•Phonological awareness
Listening skills (rhyming, blending, segmenting)
teaches students to manipulate letter sounds to form words
•Word identification
Letter sound patterns
•Fluency
Reading accurately, quickly and with expressions
•Vocab
Knowledge of the meaning of words
•Comprehension
Understanding what is read |
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Term
| Strategy for teaching reading components |
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Definition
- P Awareness
teach students how to manipulate letter sounds to form words
-Word ID
common sight words, syllable patterns
-Fluency
appropriate text, not what you read but how (Popcorn)
-Vobac
interesting words with milage, everyday (connected) language, several contexts, several examples
-Comprehension
background knowledge, predict, clarify, summarize |
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Term
| Characteristics of students with difficulties in math |
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Definition
Difficulty with word/multistep problems
Fails to verify, settles for first answer
Makes “borrowing” errors
Misaligns vertical columns
Disregards decimals |
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Term
| Factors contributing to difficulties in math |
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Definition
Language difficulties
Problems with memory and executive function
Dyscalculia
Can be in math calculations/problem solving |
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Term
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Definition
-Numeration
understand numbers and relationships, numerical response makes sense?
-computation
efficient methods to develop mathematical fluency
-word problems
linguistic, semantic, schematic, strategic and procedural knowledge to solve |
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Term
| Strategies for addressing math difficulties |
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Definition
-Numerical
does this make sense> why/why not?
-computation
D-discover sign
R-read the problem
A-answer/draw and check
W-write answer
-Word problems
State question
ID operation
Eliminate extra
steps involved
solve
check work |
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Term
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Definition
6+ symptoms, <6 months, maladaptive and inconsis with dev
before age 7
2+settings, sig impairment in school/work
not bc of some other condition
-inattention
-hyperactivity-impulsivity |
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Term
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Definition
Inattention- only A1
Hyperactivity-Impulsivity- only A2
Combined- A1 and A2 met |
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Term
| Common features of students with ADHD |
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Definition
-Behavioral
talking without permission, leaving assigned area, ODD(oppositional/defiant)
-Academic
low achievement tests, higher risk for: grade retention, dropping out, placement in sped
Social Difficulties-
difficulty developing/maintaining relationships, dont follow convo rules, engage in social situations awkwardly |
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Term
| Class interventions for ADHD |
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Definition
-Environmental procedures
classroom set up
-instructional accommodations
teaching strategies (stop time), way of presenting info/ways students respond
-medical management
-planning
-self-regulation
strategies they can use themselves, set personal goals
-differentiating instruction
content, management, instruction, materials |
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Term
| Controversy in stimulants for treating ADHD |
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Definition
| use of medication increased dramatically, approx 3% of preschool/school age, students overmedicated? |
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Term
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Definition
IDEA-
adversely affects education
504- limits life activity |
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Term
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Definition
- inability to maintain satisfactory relationships
what constitues satisfactory?
-inappropriate types of behavior/feelings
what does inappropriate look like?
-doesnt apply to "socially maladjusted"
how to tell difference bw socially maladjusted and emotional disturbance?
--teacher expectations/tolerances make ID difficult and subjective |
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Term
| NMHSEC definition of ADHD |
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Definition
Behavioral or emotional responses different from appropriate age, cultural, or ethnic norms, adversely affect educational performance, including academic, social, vocational, or personal skills
-includes behav and emotional- can be combo or separate
-school centered, acknowledges it occurs elsewhere
-includes cult/ethnicity differences |
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Term
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Definition
require systematic social and academic skills
school-wide system of positive behavior teaches appropriate behavior
proactive strategies to provide a positive, supportive, noncoercive environment promotes prosocial behav and academic achievement |
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Term
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Definition
-Clinically derived
personality oriented methods
Measure personality (how an individual thinks, behaves, and feels across situations and over time)
Rely on self-reporting, which can be more or less reliable
-Statistically derived
Child Behavioral Checklist (CBCL)
Rating scales
Direct observation and measurement of behavior |
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Term
| Maj Characteristics of EBD |
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Definition
-difficult est/maintaining relationships
-anti-social
-delinquency
-social skills deficits |
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Term
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Definition
<1%
underidentified and underserved
A and N Americans overrepresented
>75% male |
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Term
| Externalizing Behavior Problems |
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Definition
Hyper-Impuls
agression
lack self control/regulation
ODD
rule breaking |
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Term
| Internalizing Behavioral Problems |
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Definition
social withdrawal
anxiety
depression
eating disorders |
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Term
| Ethic/Gender difference in Suicide |
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Definition
4x more males complete
3x more females try
more white than AA
NA has highest |
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Term
| Warning Signs of Suicide Attempt |
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Definition
depression
previous attempts
talking about
alcohol/drug abuse
giving away possessions |
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Term
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Definition
-Social
cooperation skills, appropriate ways of expressing feelings
-academic skills
high Active Student Response, direct instruction, teacher praise
-behav management
school-wide expectations, positive proactive class management
-self-management
self monitoring/evaluation |
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Term
| Key Interventions for EBD |
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Definition
-Academic
guided by FBA, consider difficulty, instruct modificatoins, learnign strategies, provide choices
-S/B
token economy- reward appropriate behav, ignore inapprop, model skills, opportunities for them to practice, feedback/reinforcement, alternative behaviors |
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Term
| Corporal Punishment in EBD |
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Definition
Punishment, especially corporal should be avoided
restraint only by trained personel |
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Term
| Behav I see as most difficult |
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Definition
-agression
-ODD
-noncompliance
--power struggles
*token economy
*positive feedback
*dont overreact, positive model for students |
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