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Definition
| Situation where members of society have different amounts of wealth, prestige, or power |
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| Structured ranking of entire groups of people that perpetuates unequal economic rewards and power in a society |
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| Inclusive term encompassing all a person's material assets |
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| social position assigned to person by society without regard for the person’s unique talents or characteristics |
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Definition
| social position that person attains largely through his or her own efforts |
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| Slavery (form of stratification) |
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Definition
| individuals owned by other people, who treat them as property |
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| Castes (form of stratification) |
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Definition
| hereditary ranks that are usually religiously dictated and tend to be fixed and immobile |
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| Estates (feudalism): (form of stratification) |
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Definition
| peasants worked land leased to them in exchange for military protection and other services |
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| Social classes (form of stratification) |
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Definition
| Upper class, middle class, working class, lower class |
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Definition
| social ranking based primarily on economic position in which achieved characteristics can influence social mobility |
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| Factors of shrinking middle class: |
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Definition
Disappearing opportunities for those with little education
Global competition and advances in technology
Growing dependence on temporary workforce
Rise of new growth industries and nonunion workplaces |
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Term
| Karl Marx’s View of Class Differentiation |
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Definition
| Social relations depend on who controls the primary mode of production |
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Definition
| Means of production held largely in private hands and main incentive for economic activity is accumulation of profits |
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| Capitalist class; owns the means of production |
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| Class consciousness (Marx) |
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Definition
| Subjective awareness of common vested interests and the need for collective political action to bring about change |
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| False consciousness (Marx) |
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Definition
| Attitude held by members of class that does not accurately reflect their objective position |
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Term
| Max Weber’s View of Stratification |
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Definition
| No single characteristic totally defines a person’s position within the stratification system |
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| Group of people who have similar level of wealth and income |
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| People who have the same prestige or lifestyle |
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| Ability to exercise one's will over others |
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Definition
| Class largely viewed as a statistical category (education, occupation, income, place of residence) |
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Definition
| respect and admiration an occupation holds in society |
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| reputation a specific person has earned within an occupation |
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Term
| Socioeconomic status (SES) |
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Definition
| measure of social class based on income, education, and occupation |
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Definition
| minimum level of subsistence that no family should live below |
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| floating standard by which people at the bottom of a society are judged as being disadvantaged in comparison to the nation as a whole |
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| long-term poor who lack training and skills |
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| opportunities to provide material goods, positive living conditions, and favorable life experience |
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| poor, minorities, and those in rural communities not getting connected at home or work |
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| movement of individuals or groups from one position in a society's stratification system to another |
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Definition
| position of each individual influenced by the person's achieved status |
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Definition
| allows little or no possibility of moving up |
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Definition
| movement within same range of prestige |
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Definition
| movement from one position to another of a different rank |
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Term
| Intergenerational mobility |
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Definition
| changes in children's position relative to their parents |
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| Intragenerational mobility |
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Definition
| social position changes within person's adult life |
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Term
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Definition
| tax breaks, direct payments, and grants government makes to corporations |
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