Term
| Chinese surveillance of Mosuo sexuality |
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Definition
| Chinese imperial policies modified Mosuo's mother-centered & non-marital culture to fit the Chinese model. Communists were forcing Mosuos to marry and practice patrilineal descent |
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| situation in which women in Meru ethnic group in northern Tanzania developed co-parenting ties to more than one man; "multiple-partner unions"; enables African women to maintain ties w/ old sexual partners w/out closing the door on future sexual arrangements. allowed women in Meru ethnic group to preserve their single status & autonomy. |
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| Sutton's book addresses Argentine women's experiences & the effects of economic globalization on the bodies |
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| Sutton: women's embodied practices (e.g. working, making love, caring for a child, etc.) & the underlying social relations (e.g. relations organized by systems of inequality) |
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| Sutton: evolving emotions, perceptions, thoughts, values, and ways of understanding oneself and the rest of the world, which shape and are shaped by one's structural location in society |
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| Sutton: women's varied, overlapping and context-related bodily experiences - including both everyday and extraordinary events - marked by the gamut of human emotions, & absorbing, expressing, & challenging multiple forms of social inequality |
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| Sutton: relationship b/t bodies & power - the body as a site of social control & source of energy |
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| Sutton: brutal military politics in Argentina internationally made famous for 1000s of ppl it "disappeared" - refers to methods of state terrorism designed to leave no trace of existence of ppl targeted |
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| Sutton: disembodied economic analyses tend to hide the extent to which neoliberal globalization has drained women's bodily resources |
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| Sutton: disadvantages of female heads of household in precarious labor market - face additional obstacles to find jobs & care for the children |
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Term
| intersectional & transnational feminisms |
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Definition
| 2 broad streams of overlapping feminist scholarship that provide valuable theoretical tools for exploring complex dynamics in study of women's bodily worlds. (intersectional - emphasize how intersecting systems of inequality shape women's lives) (transnational - underscore how hegemonic globalization processes build on & perpetuate inequalities w/in & b/t nations) |
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Definition
| Sutton: ppl who gather cardboard for minimal income in Argentina; sometimes women would experience sexual harassment when selling their materials |
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| Political-economic theory and practice that gained steam in the 1980s in the U.S. and Western Europe. Belief that “individual freedoms are guaranteed by freedom of the market and of trade |
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Definition
| Common practices of neoliberal state governance include deregulation of markets, privatization of state-provided services, and retreat of the welfare state |
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| Sutton: results from what political, economic, & institutional power does to ppl, & from how these forms of power themselves influence responses to social problems |
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| Sutton: internalization of dominant values (such as overappreciation of light skin color) by racially marginalized ppl who are trying to assimilate & survive in a racist society - In Argentina, dark-skinned ppl would sometimes desire to blend in with the whiteness |
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| Being able to move freely from place to place; being able to be secure against violent assault, including sexual assault; having opportunities for sexual satisfaction and for choice in matters of reproduction |
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| Sutton: Argentine mothers are expected to withstand physical negative effects of economic system w/out protest. always sacrifice for the benefit of children. being a mother is the highest praise. |
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| Sutton: tastes & dispositions that are core parts of subjectivity & identity, even source of pleasure. relat. b/t consciousness & embodiment |
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| Sutton: spectrum of violence that takes women's bodies as objects of control & domination, including unwanted physical contact, domestic violence, etc. |
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| Sutton: gendered torture, domestic violence, institutionalized violence |
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Definition
| Sutton: form of direct control over body, exerted by one person over another w/ intention and/or likelihood of inflicting bodily & psychological harm |
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Definition
| a manuscript page from a scroll or book from which the text has been scraped off and which can be used again |
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| Sutton: repressive form of power intent in controlling and dominating |
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Definition
| Sutton: system reliant on fear of violence, coercion, & physical force - including battery, sexual abuse, rape & sexual harassment - to control women & keep them in subordinate positions |
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Term
| autonomous vs. institutionalized feminists |
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Definition
| institutionalized feminists refer to women in some nongovernmental organizations & government institutions whom the autonomous feminists saw as sell-outs or watered down demands |
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Definition
| Sutton: Argentine massive bodily presence in a march that includes potbanging; form of political protest by women who demand for change for their movements |
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| Sutton: A company recovered , or company managed by its former employees , is one on which their employees have taken control, usually after the bankruptcy of its management |
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| Sutton: developed in response to the Argentine dictatorship; this movement developed while the military was still in power & family members of the disappeared, particularly mothers, demanded the return of the disappeared alive - now works to bring repressors to justice & raise social consciousness about human rights in Argentina |
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Term
| Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo |
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Definition
| family members (mostly mothers) of the disappeared in Argentina that staged their protests in the Plaza de Mayo, in front of the govt palace, in order to demand the return of their children alive |
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Definition
| Sutton: unemployed workers of the Argentine shantytowns who adopted the piquete (roadblock) as a protest strategy & engaged in solidarity & productive community projects; blocked bridges linking Buenos Aires to surrounding metropolitan area |
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Definition
| Sutton: Argentine women (particularly activists) used this expression to describe ways in which they cope w/, resist, or struggle to transform oppressive social relations 1. backbreaking work 2. performing a message through the body 3. sacrifice 4. everyday work |
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Definition
| stipulates that nongovernmental organizations receiving U.S. assistance cannot use separately obtained non-U.S. funds to inform the public or educate their government on the need to make safe abortion available, provide legal abortion services, or provide advice on where to get an abortion. |
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Definition
| interactive episodes that link social movement actors to ea other as well as to opponents & authorities for the intended purpose of challenging or resisting change in groups, organizations, or societies |
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Term
| Class & Argentine women's bodies |
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Definition
| beauty standards change for those that become impoverished - beauty still important! more homemade beauty products and less extravagant solutions. Class effected quality of abortions |
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Term
| women's health and food insecurity |
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Definition
| Sutton: poor women in Argentina sacrificed their health in order to make sure their children received food and proper nutrition. State health care made it difficult to get seen by a doctor. Women would work through being sick, because they couldn't afford to miss work. |
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Term
| Third World Women and feminism |
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Definition
| "Third World Women" do not share the same experiences everywhere and shouldn't all be lumped together. They are different in different regions and have their own experiences. |
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| the tendency to believe that one's ethnic or cultural group is centrally important, and that all other groups are measured in relation to one's own |
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| the principle that an individual human's beliefs and activities should be understood by others in terms of that individual's own culture |
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| Female Genital Cutting (FGC) |
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Definition
| all procedures that involve partial or total removal of the external female genitalia, or other injury to the female genital organs for non-medical reasons. |
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Definition
| Sutton: produce & reinscribe a global hierarchy of bodies, providing adornment, luxury, & costly care for some, while drawing on the hard physical labor & depleting the resources of many other bodies |
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Definition
| the emergence of a transnational elite and the phasing out of the all-powerful nation-state. |
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| the worldwide homogenization of culture |
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Definition
| vision includes raising the level of labor, environmental, social and human rights upward, not downward; democratizing institutions at every level from the local to the global; reducing the disparities in global wealth and power; insisting on environmental sustainability, and creating prosperity by meeting human and environmental needs |
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Definition
| brings about hegemonic elites, and economic and cultural hegemony. Multinational corporations creating bourgeoisie elites who bring cars, music, and a different way of life into developing countries. |
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Definition
| Common practices of neoliberal state governance include deregulation of markets, privatization of state-provided services, and retreat of the welfare state |
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Term
| critiques of neoliberalism |
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Definition
Critics of neoliberalism expressed concerns about privatization, financial deregulation.
Privatization’s creation of new revenue streams makes life more costly for citizens. Housing, healthcare, and education become more costly citizens. Utilities become more expensive. Corporate patents violate indigenous groups’ knowledge claims. Environmental degradation also introduces health and economic costs. |
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Term
| Feminist critiques of neoliberalism |
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Definition
| Feminists assert that privatization of certain social services, especially in the area of care work, intensifies and multiplies the domestic responsibilities women have |
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Term
| military surveillance of women's bodies |
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Definition
| Sutton: modern methods of social control to regulate women's bodies use institutions like hospitals, prisons, facotires, the military, & the medical system |
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Term
| economic crisis, beauty, & women's coping strategies |
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Definition
| just b/c of crisis, women did not stop caring about their looks; needed to look good to find a job, increase in eating disorders, "fixed up nails" showed a class status |
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Term
| women's resistance to beauty standards |
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Definition
| women fought against the normative beauty standards by wearing pants and acting against "femininity"; sometimes they would barter this when trying to gain heterosexual attention |
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Term
| motherhood ideologies in Argentina |
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Definition
| Sutton: motherhood is expected, celebrated, idealized, & naturalized as a role for women in Argentina; hegemonic mode of feminine embodiment; exhibited through pregnancy & abnegated body oriented to the needs of others |
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Term
| reproductive politics in Argentina |
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Definition
| Sutton: abortion, procreation, contraception, all highly contested issues |
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Term
| Catholic Church's position on abortion/contraception |
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Definition
| Sutton: in Argentina, the Catholic Church as historically & contemporaneously opposed abortion, most contraceptive methods, nonheterosexual sexualities, & sex outside of marriage |
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Term
| state/church position on abortion |
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Definition
| the law and the church consider abortion a crime except in narrowly defined circumstances (danger to mother & rape of demented woman) |
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Term
| Argentine women's attitudes toward abortions |
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Definition
| majority (72%) of women interviewed were for/sympathetic to abortion; 20% opposed; 6% ambivalent |
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Term
| Argentine women's experiences of abortions |
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Definition
| some had enough money to go to a clinic or bring a doctor to the house while poor women resorted to homemade remedies and advice from friends |
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Term
| nature/consequences of clandestine abortions |
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Definition
| some are very dangerous and result in sterilization or death; many do not seek medical attention b/c of the illegal nature of the abortion; most women chose this avenue b/c they are desperate and have few options |
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Term
| global provision of unsafe abortions |
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Definition
| Sutton: unsafe conditions of abortions performed worldwide present it as a serious public health issue; legal restrictions do not seem to stop the practice, but makes them less safe |
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Term
| Race, sexuality & marriage laws in the U.S. and South Africa |
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Definition
| Stacey: U.S. - laws have become racially equal, but there are still racial attitudes; sexuality and marriage attitudes still hold heterosexuality as the norm and outlaw same-sex marriage; South Africa - legally, same-sex marriage and polygamy are legal but they are racialized practices. There is legal equality for the races, but there are still racist attitudes. |
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Term
| Race, class, sexuality, gender, nationalism, & beauty in Argentina |
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Definition
| European looks upheld as a sign of high class status and as a standard of beauty; "Argentine women are the most beautiful in the world"; Europeans often hold the highest positions in government and society; etc. |
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Definition
| interpretive approach to an issue or problem that undergirds collective action (i.e. "Homosexuality is African") |
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Definition
| attribution of blame or causality to a problem ("Nambian state officials say that homosexuality is unAfrican as a way to deny gay men and lesbians rights) |
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Definition
| identification of solution to problem and a way to execule the solution (a strategy) ("The Nambian state should give Nambian gay men and lesbians the same rights as other Nambians. We are all African") |
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Definition
| exhorting individuals or groups to take action on an issue (“All Namibians should support equal rights; otherwise, Namibia is just a reproduction of an apartheid state. Namibian politicians should also support equal rights for all Namibians, including indigenous groups, children, and women.") |
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Term
| same-sex marriage mobilization in U.S. & South Africa |
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Definition
| legal in S.A. but not U.S.; racialized institution in S.A. - primarily a white privilege; in U.S. this is no one's privilege - seen as the slippery slope to polygamy |
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Term
| Arguments for/against same-sex marriage in U.S. & South Africa |
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Definition
| AGAINST: in S.A. it's not African; slippery slope to polygamy; DOMA; ruining the family dynamics; need to have masculine and feminine influence from parents; FOR: evidence shows that children turn out just as well and sometimes better in homosexual parent unions; sexuality should not be governed by the state; |
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Term
| link b/t femininity & womanhood in Argentina |
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Definition
| Sutton: respondents often linked the 2 when being asked what it mean to be a woman or be feminine; motherhood confirms womanhood |
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Term
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Definition
| Framing grievances and protest can be extremely important to social movements. Framing an issue so that it resonates with a constituency can garner support. Framing an issue poorly can alienate potential supporters. |
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Definition
| involves aligning choices about tactics and timing (when to engage in certain tactics) with future goals that movement hopes to achieve |
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Definition
| individual actions that a movement can take (march, lobbying, street theater, purchasing ads in print media, blocking access to a building, etc.). gendered tactics used by women & feminists |
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Term
| women's movements vs. feminist movements |
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Definition
| they are not always the same; ex: Mothers of the Plaza de Mayo vs. a feminist group pushing for social rights in Argentina |
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