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Exam 2
N/A
50
Religious Studies
Undergraduate 1
11/08/2009

Additional Religious Studies Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Sabbath
Definition
"Rest"; the seventh day of the week (Saturday), a day of prayer and rest from work
Term
Rush Hashanah
Definition
"Beginning of the Year"; celebration of the Jewish new year in the seventh lunar month 
Term
Yom Kippur
Definition
Day of Atonement, the most sacred day of the Jewish year
Term
Passover
Definition
Spring festival celebrating freedom from Egypt and oppression 
Term
Conservative Judaism
Definition
A branch that attempts to blend the best of old and new Judaism
Term
Reform Judaism
Definition
A movement beginning in the nineteenth century that questioned and modernized Judaism;a liberal branch 
Term
Orthodox Judaism
Definition
The most traditional branch of Judaism
Term
Torah
Definition
"teaching/instruction"; first of five books of the Hebrew scriptures, instructions of God believed to have been transmitted orally from Moses 
Term
Sadducees
Definition
A priestly group influential in the Second Temple period
Term
Pharisees
Definition
A group during the Second Temple period that emphasized observation of biblical rules
Term
Diasapora
Definition
The dispersion of Jews beyond Israel, particularly in Persia, Egypt and the Mediterranean
Term
Zionism
Definition
The movement that has encouraged the creation and support of the nation of Israel
Term
Messiah
Definition
A savior figure to be sent by God, awaited by Jews
Term
Essenes
Definition
A reclusive monk-style Jewish group that flourished from 150 B.C.E. to 68 C.E.
Term
Zealots
Definition
An anti-roman nationalistic Jewish group active during the Roman period of control over Israel
Term
Holocaust
Definition
The destruction of European Judaism by the Nazis; also known as Shoah (extermination)
Term

Nevi’im

 

Definition
One of three sections of the Hebrew bible meaning "the prophets"
Term

Ketubim

Definition
One of three sections of the Hebrew Bible meaning "the writings"
Term
Abraham
Definition
First partriarch of Judaism; promised by God to have many desdants and land after proving his loyalty by nearly sacrificing son Isaac. Also father to Ishmael and grandfather to Jacob
Term
Ishmael
Definition
Son of Abraham, illegitimate child born to maid
Term
Jacob
Definition
Son of Isaac, wrestles with God and is given the name Israel, told to settle the land of Canaan which eventually becomes Israel, has many sons
Term
Noah
Definition
Told to build an ark to survive a great flood intended to wipe out humanity; carries 2 of each animal
Term
Moses
Definition
Mother left in the Nile, raised by Egyptian princess, told by God to help free the Jews after seeing the "burning bush"
Term
Joseph
Definition
Jacob's favorite son, brothers sell him to slavery in Egypt, eventually becomes a minister and takes care of his brothers when the famine drives them to Egypt. Not vengeful, Genesis ends with his death
Term
Moses (Red Sea)
Definition
Called to God during march for freedom, returns with Ten Commandments (rules for living)
Term
Assyria
Definition
An expanding power which took over the northern kingdom of Jerusalem
Term
Prophets
Definition
Human beings who spoke in God's name, experienced a life changing revelation from God and felt commissioned to speak in his name
Term
Babylonian Captivity 
Definition
Captured souther kingdom of Judah for 50 years, during which Jews established Sabbath, lead to oral stories being written in order to survive
Term
Israel
Definition
North kingdom of Judaism, overtook by Assyria
Term
Judah
Definition
Southern kingdom of Judaism, overtook by Babylonia
Term
Synogauge
Definition
"lead together", meeting house 
Term
# of Jacob's sons
Definition
12
Term
Monotheistic
Definition
Judaism may not have begun as monotheistic(started in a period where only polytheism was upheld) but developed into it
Term
Tao (Dao)
Definition
Mysterious origin of the universe which is present and visible in everything
Term
Laozi (Lau Tzu)
Definition
The legendary founder of Daosim
Term
Yin/yang
Definition

Yin- the receptive aspect of the universe that expresses itself in silence, darkness, coolness and rest

 

Yang- the active aspect of reality that expresses itself through speech, light and heat

Term
Wu Wei
Definition
"No action" "no strain"; doing only what comes spontaneously and naturally; effortlessness
Term
Analects
Definition
The book of the sayings of Confucius
Term
Ren
Definition
Empathy, consideration for others, humaneness, a Confucian virtue
Term
Li
Definition
Appropriate action, ritual, propriety, etiquette
Term
Tao Te-Ching (Daodejing)
Definition
The classic scripture of Daoism
Term
I Ching (Yijing)
Definition
An ancient Confucian book of divination, one of the Five Classics, still in use today
Term
Chi
Definition
The life force
Term
Confucius
Definition
Educated leader and creator of Confucianism; society would only funtion properly if virtues were taught and lived. Believed all humans could be excellent
Term
Confucian Harmony
Definition
Excellent individuals will maintain and produce an excellent society; an excellent society with produce and maintain excellent individuals
Term
Mencius
Definition
Confucian teacher influenced by Daosim. Believed in a hierarchy of love and responsibility; familes first, then friends and neighbors, then rest of society. Education was important too
Term
Doctrine of the Mean
Definition
One of the four books; highlights heaven and "the way", mystical and equillibrium
Term
Neo-Confucianism
Definition
Third phase of confucianism which was enriched by scholarship and philosophy
Term
The Three Teachings
Definition
Daoism, Confucianism, Buddhism
Term
Water
Definition
Ultimate goodness, assists all things and does not compete with them
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