Term
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Definition
| divides heart into left and right |
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Term
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Definition
| horizontal ring that divides heart into atriums and ventricles (top and bottom) |
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Term
| % of heart cells in left atrium |
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Definition
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Term
| % of heart cells in right atrium |
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Definition
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Term
| % of heart cells in right ventricle |
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Definition
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Term
| % of heart cells in left ventricle |
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| sound from closure of AV valves (bi&tricuspa) |
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Term
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Definition
| sound of semilunar valves closing |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| pressure range of atriums |
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Definition
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Term
| pressure range of right ventricle |
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Definition
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Term
| pressure range in left ventricle |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| blood goes from left ventricle to the body and back to the right atrium |
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Term
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Definition
| blood goes from right ventricle to the lungs and back to the left atrium |
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Term
| 70% of valve replacements are for ____ valves |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| ankles filled with fluid due to tricuspa regurgitation |
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Term
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Definition
| blood goes back into right atrium and then into the aorta |
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Term
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Definition
| blood goes back into left atrium. mumur occurs right after s1 |
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Term
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Definition
| tool for detecting regurgitation |
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Term
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Definition
| opens once per second. creates one AP per second |
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Term
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Definition
| 10 seconds to allow for active filling of ventricles to finish |
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Term
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Definition
| passive filling of vintricles |
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Term
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Definition
| active filling of ventricle (atrial contraction) |
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Term
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Definition
| Isovolumetric contraction (ventricle contraction) |
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Term
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Definition
| Ejection phase (blood is ejected from ventricle) |
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Term
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Definition
| Ventricle relaxation (pressure in ventricles returns to 0 and semilunar valves close) |
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| AP from SA node goes from cell to cell thru gap junctions(not all at once) |
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Term
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Definition
| hooks to AV node and pierces thru fibrous ring. AP travels thru |
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Term
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Definition
| located right above fibrous ring in right atrium. receives AP from SA node and sends AP to bundle of his (simultaneous contraction) |
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Term
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Definition
| branch off bundle of his. sends AP down ventricular septum to purkinje fibers |
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Term
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Definition
| sends AP to all cells in free wall (pierce walls of ventricles) |
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Term
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Definition
| isovolumetric contraction- same volume when ventricles contract. ventricles squeeze for 1/10 second to create 120mmHg in left ventricle and 40mmHg in right ventricle |
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Term
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Definition
| heart rate lower than 60 beats per minute |
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Term
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Definition
| heart rate higher than 100 beats per minute |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| mimics SA node to send out AP |
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Term
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Definition
| mitral valve has narrowed and does not allow all the blood thru. creates a murmur before S1 |
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Term
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Definition
| murmur occurs right before S2 |
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Term
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Definition
| valves dont close all the way |
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Term
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Definition
| use of pig heart (last 15 years) |
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Term
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Definition
| use of titanium. lasts a lot longer. con- can cause blood clots. must use blood thinner |
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Term
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Definition
| causes valve seam to become permeable (causes regurgitation) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| no electric current(during relaxation/passive filling) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| space between p-wave and r-wave |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| how much blood is ejected (70mL/beat) |
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Term
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Definition
| ventricular contraction, tall because of amount of cells contracting, thin because it occurs fast |
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Term
| too much space between P-wave and R-wave |
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Definition
| AV block, AV node losses its ability to produce AP |
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Term
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Definition
| lots of small p waves, ventricle only get filled 80%, blood pools in atrium and can cause clots, treated in quadimin/warfarin |
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Term
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Definition
| lack of blood flow to brain |
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Term
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Definition
| 2 main blood vessels off aortic valve get blocked, no O2 to heart or body, NaK channels malfunction, causes APs, treated with balloon inserted into artery or vein can be taken from vein in leg |
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Term
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Definition
| 120mmHg, ventricle contracts |
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Term
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Definition
| 80mmHg, ventricle relaxes |
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Term
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Definition
| R-wave is more than 2 boxes in length, AP travels sequetially due to broken branches |
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Term
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Definition
| systolic/diastolic= 120/80 |
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Term
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Definition
| pressure in any tube is affected by the flow and resistance of the tube |
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Term
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Definition
| high blood pressure in brain, bursts |
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Term
| to calculate blood pressure |
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Definition
| cardiac output x total pressure resistance(TPR) |
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Term
| to calculate cardiac output |
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Definition
| heart rate x stroke volume |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| increased heart rate (fight or flight) |
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Term
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Definition
| decreased heart rate(rest and digest) |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| lower flow or lower resistance |
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Term
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Definition
| beta blocker, blocks sympathetic NS, norepinepherine blocked, works at SA node, decreases rate of AP, lowers cardiac output which lowers BP |
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Term
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Definition
| treats high bp, calcium channel blockers, blocks calcium from getting into tunica media, vasodialation increases radius slights, lowers resistance, lowers BP |
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Term
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Definition
| made of muscle, responsible for vasodialation and vasoconstriction |
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Term
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Definition
| causes calcium to get into muscles to contract(to induce labor) too much will cause violent contractions which can rupture uterus |
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Term
| beta blocker plus calcium channel blocker |
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Definition
| small doses of each reduces the side effects, lowers the bp the same amount |
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Term
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Definition
| 90/60 bp. unknown till syncope (dizzy passing out) |
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Term
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Definition
| made up of endothelium, gas exchange occurs here, one cell thick |
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Term
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Definition
| deadly, blood pools in veins and forms clots, clot goes to RA->RV->pulmonary artery->lung |
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Term
| BP when arteries meet capillaries |
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Definition
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Term
| BP when capillaries go into veins |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 90% water, 7% suspended proteins, 3% extracellular fluid |
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Term
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Definition
| causes bone marrow destruction, kidney disease, iron deficiency |
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Term
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Definition
| yellow compound from heme unit. too much causes jauntice, processed by liver, dysfunction in liver causes overproduction |
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Term
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Definition
| occurs when RBCs are broken down too rapidly, associated w/ anemia, causes yellow eyes |
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Term
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Definition
| 1/2 pint(10% of blood) can be given every 6 weeks |
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Term
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Definition
| can be given twice a week |
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Term
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Definition
| allow for blood to return to the heart against gravity via valves |
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Term
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Definition
| allow for blood to return to the heart against gravity via valves |
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Term
| edema caused by increased capillary permeability |
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Definition
| injured cells release histamine which bind to capillaries and cause an increase in permeability, allows proteins into interstitial space |
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Term
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Definition
| water returning into capillary due to high concentration of plasma protein |
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Term
| osmotic pressure on venous side of capillary |
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Definition
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Term
| osmotic pressure at arterial side of capillary |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| mechanism controlling H20 flow thru capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| histamine released throughout entire body, causes anaphylactic shock |
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Term
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Definition
| enough damage to allow RBCs through capillary walls |
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Term
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Definition
| blocks histamine to stop edema |
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Term
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Definition
| BP goes down because of loss of fluid from blood, lowers cardiac output |
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Term
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Definition
| rest, ice, compress, elevate |
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Term
| edema caused by decreased plasma protein |
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Definition
| caused by liver dysfunction, kivoshiakor (less protein from less breast milk) , urinating too much protein out, osmotic pressure drops, |
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Term
| edema caused by hypertension |
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Definition
| BP would be over 40mmHg, more H20 would be pushed out |
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Term
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Definition
| most common plasma protein |
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Term
| edema caused by increased venous BP |
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Definition
| veins blocked by baby in pregnancy, causes swelling in ankles |
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Term
| edema caused by damaged or blocked lymphatic capillaries |
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Definition
| lymph capillaries uptake excess h20 molecules left over from osmosis, if damaged excess fluid will pool |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 2(less space cause of heart) |
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Term
| foreign bodies enter right lung |
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Definition
| due to left lung being at a sharp angle |
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Term
| 1-17 generations of bronchial tubes |
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Definition
| conducting bronchi, no gas exchange, bronco constrict(smooth muscle)- bring air down to alveoli , anatomical dead space |
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Term
| 18-23 generations of bronchial tubes |
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Definition
| sacks start budding(300 million alveoli),respiratory bronchioles, gas exchange occurs |
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Term
| pairs of ribs protecting lungs |
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Definition
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Term
| # of generations on bronchial tubes |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| membrane covering chest cavity |
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Term
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Definition
| space between heart and chest wall |
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Term
| pressue in intra pleural space |
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Definition
| 5 less than in lungs (755 mmHg) creates vacuum |
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Term
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Definition
| air inside intrapleural space, vacuum becomes filled with air, lung collapses and ribcage expands, surface area for gas exchange to occur |
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Term
| bilateral double numothorac |
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Definition
| both lungs are punctured/collapsed |
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Term
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Definition
| separates thoracic cavity into left and right, prevents unpunctured lung from collapsing |
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Term
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Definition
| artery, vein, and nerve in intercostal groove of rib |
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Term
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Definition
| inserted between 4th and 5th rib above the rib to avoid damage to neurovascular bundle |
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Term
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Definition
| aka wind pipe, ciliated to catch debris before it enters lungs |
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Term
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Definition
| stacked c shaped rings of cartilage, hold trachea open |
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Term
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Definition
| over the counter inhaler, treats asthma, causes broncho dialation |
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Term
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Definition
| removes air from intrapleural space, creates negative pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| blood enters intrapleural space |
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Term
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Definition
| air leaks from inside lung to intrapleural space |
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Term
| energy used at rest for breathing |
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Definition
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Term
| energy used for breathing with asthma |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| none, lungs want to collapse |
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Term
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Definition
| pressure is inversely related to volume( squeezing balloon) decreased volume=increased pressure |
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Term
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Definition
| tube inserted into trachea, bag inserted on outside end of tube, positive pressure breathing |
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Term
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Definition
| measures P02/PC02 in blood that has passed by lung, tells doctor if lungs are properly oxygenation blood |
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Term
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Definition
| should be between 95-100mmHg |
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Term
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Definition
| diffusion= (change in pressure x cross sectional area)/distance between alveoli and capillary |
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Term
| oxygen molecules per hemoglobin |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| 4 proteins, hemoglobin (2 alpha, 2 beta) |
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Term
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Definition
| injectable eurethropoietine to stimulate RBC production(increase hematocrit) , too much causes polycythemia |
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Term
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Definition
| 1 amino acid is off in beta chain, shape of RBC is different, clots in capillaries |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| high RBC count, forms clots, can result in clots treated with TPA, |
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Term
| surface area of all alveoli |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| destroys elastic tissue in alveoli, decreases CSA(decreases diffusion) ABG test reveals |
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