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Exam 2
Chapters 7-14 Brock
15
Microbiology
Undergraduate 4
02/29/2012

Additional Microbiology Flashcards

 


 

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Term
Bioinformatics
Definition
the use of computational tools to acquire, analyze, store, and access DNA and protein sequences
Term
Chromosomal Island
Definition
Region of bacterial chromosome of foriegn origin that contains clustered genes for extra property such as virulence or symbiosis
Term
Genome
Definition
total complement of genetic information of a cell or virus
Term
Genomics
Definition
discipline that maps, sequences, analyzes, and compares genomes
Term
Homologous
Definition
Related in sequence to an extent that implies common genetic ancestry. includes both orthologs and paralogs.
Term
Horizontal gene transfer
Definition
the transfer of genetic information between organisms as opposed to vertical inheritance from parental organisms.
Term
Integrase
Definition
the enzyme that inserts cassettes into an integron
Term
Integron
Definition
a genetic element that accumulates and expresses genes carried by cassettes.
Term
Microarray
Definition
Small solid state supports to which genes or portions of genes are affixed and arrayed spatially in a known pattern.
Term
Ortholog
Definition
A gene found in one organism that is similar to another organism but different because of speciation
Term
Paralog
Definition
A gene whose similarity to one or more other genes is a result of gene duplication.
Term
RNA editing
Definition
changing the coding sequence of an RNA molecule by altering, adding, or removing bases
Term
Conjugation
Definition
transfer of genes from one prokaryotic cell to another by a mechanism involving cell to cell contact
Term
Genotype
Definition
The complete genetic makeup of an organism; the coplete description of a cell's genetic information
Term
Insertion sequence
Definition
the simplest type of transposable element which carries only genes involved in transposition
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