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Definition
| | igneous rock body that has crystallized within the earth's crust. Also known as an igneous intrusion. *named by size and orientation (five types are batholith; stock; sill; dike; laccolith) |
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Definition
intrusive igneous rock body that is concordant in nature but domed the overlying rock into a hill. *when magma fills SMALL CRACKS *the overlying rock domes upward
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Definition
| | intrusive igneous rock body that is tabular and discordant in nature. *when magma fills SMALL CRACKS *crack is discordant (cuts across layers of rock) |
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Term
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Definition
intrusive igneous rock body that is tabular and concordant in nature. *when magma fills SMALL CRACKS
* crack is concordant (cuts between rock layers)
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Term
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Definition
| | intrusive igneous rock body that is less than 100 kilometers square when exposed. *when magma fills LARGE OPENINGS (typically granitic compositions) *exposed rock area less than 100km squared |
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Term
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Definition
| | intrusive igneous rock body that is over 100 kilometers square when exposed. A solidified magma chamber. *when magma fills LARGE OPENINGS (typically granitic composition) *contains large crystal sizes |
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Term
| What are the Igneous Composition Pairs? |
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Definition
- Granite and Rhyolite (Acidic)
- Diorite and Andesite (Intermediate)
- Gabbro and Basalt (Basic)
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Term
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Definition
- type of fissure eruption
- underwater lava flow that looks like pillows
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Definition
- Type of Fissure Eruption
- as lava flow comes out, material shrinks as it cools and creates hexagonal cracks
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Definition
- Basaltic Composition
- shallow magma chambers
- flank erruption with stray volcano cracks
- ex: Hawaii
- 2 surface textures= a'a' and pahoehoe
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Term
| Composition of a volcano influences what three things? |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
- Shield Volcano surface texture
- blocky and chunkier texture that is rough to walk on
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Definition
- Shield Volcano surface texture
- wrinkled, bubblyish rock
- means rope in Hawaiian
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Term
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Definition
a central eruption of cinders, usually basaltic in composition. Commonly produced when lava reacts with a source of underground water
*basalt/ small feature/ contact with groundwater
*hot lava and cold water= water turns to steam and lava particles shoots out material called cinder |
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Term
| Composite or StratoVolcano |
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Definition
* Granitic composition
* ash material and lava flows (viscous lava)
* large steep sides/ tall structures
* pyroclastic (volcanic ash, trees, rocks, etc) material, then lava flows (alternating) |
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Term
| Volcanic Plug or Lava Dome |
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Definition
*a large mound of lava that solidifies above the vent of a stratovolcano
*blocks vent gases from escaping |
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Definition
*aka ash or pyroclasic flow
*hot gases and loose ash that is so dense that it rolls down the hill
*deadliest feature
*ex: Pompei |
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Definition
*mudflows of volcanic ash
*water from glacier melts in the extreme heat and mixes with the volcanic ash |
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Definition
*2 types:
* EXPLOSIVE TYPE: volcanic gas released and volcano top is blown away or destroys entire volcano (ex: mt. st. helens)
* COLLAPSING TYPE: magma chamber under mountain can't support weight of mountain and collapses and fills hole with water/snow |
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