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Definition
| Alternative form of a gene for a given characteristic |
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| Cross between individuals that vary in two character |
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| An allele that is always expressed when present. |
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| Stretch of DNA that codes for a particular trait/protein |
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Definition
| The genetic make-up of an individual for a certain trait. |
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Definition
| Containing two different alleles for a trait |
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Definition
| Containing two of the same alleles for a trait |
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Definition
| Cross between individuals that vary in one character |
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Definition
| The trait expressed by an individual. |
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| An allele that is only expressed when two are present |
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Definition
| Multiple dominant alleles both expressed in phenotype |
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| Dominant totally masks the effect of the recessive allele |
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Definition
| Traits are likely to be inherited together because the genes that code for them are on the same chromosome |
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Definition
| Heterozygous phenotypes intermediate between homozygous phenotypes |
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Definition
| One gene influences many phenotypic traits |
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Definition
| Multiple genes influence one phenotypic trait |
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Definition
| Traits are more common in males than females because the genes that code for them are on the X-chromosome |
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Term
| Mendel’s principle of segregation |
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Definition
| Mendel’s principle of segregation states that alleles of parents segregate during meiosis to form gametes with only one allele, so the offspring’s genotype is formed when gametes from two parents come together during fertilization. |
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Term
| Mendel’s principle of independent assortment |
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Definition
| Mendel’s principle of independent assortment states that the allele an individual obtains for one trait does not influence the allele obtained for a different trait. |
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Term
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Definition
| Enzyme that functions during DNA replication |
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Term
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Definition
| Process that makes an exact copy of DNA |
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Definition
| Structure of a DNA molecule (twisted ladder) |
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Definition
| Segment of DNA that codes for specific protein |
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Definition
| Carries genetic info from DNA; read by ribosome |
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Definition
| A change in the nucleotide sequence of a gene |
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Term
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Definition
| Monomer of nucleic acids (adenine, thymine, etc) |
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Definition
| Points on DNA molecule where replication begins |
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Definition
| Chain of amino acids, folds to become protein |
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Definition
| Organelle that carries out protein synthesis |
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Definition
| Enzyme that functions during transcription |
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Definition
| Process that copies info from DNA into mRNA |
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Definition
| Carries amino acids to ribosome for translation |
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Definition
| Process that uses mRNA to build a protein |
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Definition
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Definition
| RNA nucleotides are added to the mRNA via base-pairing |
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Definition
| RNA polymerase binds to the promoter region of DNA |
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Term
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Definition
| Introns removed from mRNA, cap and tail added |
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Definition
| Terminator region recognized, mRNA released |
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Definition
| Change in species over time |
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Definition
| inheritaed traits, helps srvive |
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Definition
| preserved fossil and chronology of fossil |
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Definition
| geograpic distrib of species |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| comp of early stage of life |
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Definition
| comp of DNA and amino acids |
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Definition
| adapt of species in short period of time |
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Definition
| change ingene pool of over time |
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Definition
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Term
| 5 Parts of Hardy-Weinberg Eqil |
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Definition
| Large pop, Isolated Pop, No mutation, Random MAting, Eqal repro success |
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Term
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Definition
| Movement of individuals between populations |
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Definition
| Random fluctuations in small populations. |
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Definition
| Changes in the nucleotide sequence of genes |
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Definition
| Individuals with certain traits leave more offspring. the only mechanism of microevolution that is adaptive, meaning it produces populations of organisms that are a “good fit” for the environment they are in. |
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Definition
| Pilgrims leaving England for the New World |
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Definition
| A change in a gene leads to a different mating dance |
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Definition
| Conservationists introduce wolves from Canada into the Yellowstone population so they can breed. |
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Definition
| Bugs that look more like their background are less likely to be eaten, and leave more offspring |
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Definition
| Elephant seals hunted to near extinction |
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Definition
| The earth is millions of years old |
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Definition
| Similarities exist between living and fossil organisms |
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Definition
| Inheritance of acquired characteristics |
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Definition
| Populations crash with limited resources |
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Definition
| The volcanic islands that greatly influenced Darwin |
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Definition
| When humans perform the role of the environment in deciding who mates and who doesn’t |
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Definition
| Arrived at the theory of natural selection as well as Darwin |
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Definition
| Selection against one extreme, increasing the other extreme |
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Definition
| Selection against the average, increasing both extremes |
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Definition
| Selection against both extremes, increasing the average |
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Definition
| The process that produces secondary sexual characteristics as a result of mate choice or competition between members of one sex |
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Definition
| Major bio changes evident in the fossil record |
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Definition
| the formation of new species |
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Definition
| A species is a group of individuals that can interbreed and produce fertile offspring. |
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Definition
| A species is a group of individuals that perform a specific role within an ecosystem. |
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Definition
| A species is a group of individuals that share observable phenotypic traits. |
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Definition
| A species is a group of individuals that represent an independent evolutionary lineage. |
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Definition
| Not geopgrahic, repro barried or mistakes |
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Term
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Definition
| barriers impede the physical act of mating or prevent the formation of a zygote |
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Term
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Definition
| barriers operate in the event that a hybrid zygote is formed. |
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Definition
| Different mating rituals prevent individuals from mating |
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Definition
| Gametes fail to recognize each other |
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Definition
| A physical, geological barrier that prevents mating |
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Definition
| Individuals live in different environments and do not meet |
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Definition
| Hybrids may be able to reproduce, but their offspring can’t |
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Term
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Definition
| Hybrid zygotes do not develop normally |
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Term
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Definition
| Hybrids develop normally, but are unable to reproduce |
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Term
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Definition
| Individuals do not mate because their “parts” don’t match |
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Term
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Definition
| Genetic mistakes lead to different #s of chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
| Individuals mate at different times of the day or year |
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Term
| Gradual Model of Speciation |
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Definition
| , an accumulation of small changes leads to speciation and intermediate forms are expected |
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Term
| Puncuated Model of Specation |
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Definition
| speciation occurs in spurts and no intermediate forms are expected. |
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Term
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Definition
| Mammals, birds, and flowering plants dominant |
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Definition
| Reptiles and gymnosperms dominant |
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Definition
| Fish, amphibians, and seedless vascular plants dominant |
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Definition
| Origin of life, eukaryotes, and multicellular organisms |
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Definition
| supercontinent formed roughly 250mya as a result of continental drift |
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Definition
| when many life forms disappear in a short period of time |
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