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| Germinal Period (Zygotic Period) |
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| First two weeks of prenatal development. Rapid cell division and becomes implanted on the wall of mothers uterus. |
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| begins with week 3 and extends through week 8. Organs and major systems of the body form. Initial development of sex organs. |
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| 7 month period. body systems grow and reach maturity in preparation for life outside the mothers body. |
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| the cultural, social, and psychological meanings that are associated with masculinity or femininity. |
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| The behaviors, attitudes, and personality traits that are designated as either masculine or feminine in a given culture. |
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| A person's psychological sense of being male or female. |
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| Social learning theory of gender-role development |
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| The theory that gender roles are acquired through the basic processes of learning, including reinforcement, punishment, and modeling. |
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| the theory that gender role development is influenced by the formation of schemas, or mental representations of masculinity and femininity. |
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| Acquires understanding of object permanence. First understandings of cause and affect relationships. |
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| Preoperational (2-7 years) |
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| Symbolic thought emerges. Language development occurs (2-4 years). Thought and language both tend to be egocentric. Cannot solve conservation problems. |
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| Concrete Operations (7-11 years) |
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| Reversibility attained. Can solve conservation problems. Logical thought develops and is applied to concrete problems. Cannot solve complex verbal problems and hypothetical problems. |
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| Formal Operations (adolescence through adulthood) |
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| Logically solves all types of problems. Thinks scientifically. Solves complex verbal and hypothetical problems. Is able to think in abstract terms. |
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| Object permanence (Piaget) |
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| the understanding that an object continues to exist even when it can no longer be seen. |
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| Symbolic Thought (Piaget) |
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| the ability to use words, images, and symbols to represent the world. |
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| In piaget's theory, the inability to take another person's perspective of point of view. |
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| In piaget's theory, the inability to mentally reverse a sequence of events or logical operations |
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| In Piaget's theory, the tendency to focus, or enter, on only one aspect of a situation and ignore other important aspects of the situation. |
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| In Piaget's theory, the understanding that two equal quantities remain equal even though the form or appearance is rearranged, as long as nothing is added or subtracted. |
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| Authoritarian parenting style |
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| parenting style in which parents are demanding and unresponsive toward their childrens needs or wishes |
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| Permissive parenting style |
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| parenting style in which parents are extremely tolerant and not demanding; permissive indulgent parents are more responsive to their children, whereas permissive indifferent parents are not/ |
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| Authoritative parenting style |
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| parenting style in which parents set clear standards for their childrens behavior but are also responsive to their children's need and wishes. |
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