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Definition
thought precedes language
(cognitive determinism)
-theory of cognitive deveolopment |
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Definition
language precedes thought
(linguistic determinism, linguistic relativism) |
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aqcuiring language is a prerequisite for reasoning out thoughts or beliefs
(whorf) |
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understanding of beliefs and knowledge is a prerequisite for language
(Piaget) |
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| the idea that differences in the way languages encode cultural and cognitive categories affect the way people think, so that speakers of different languages will tend to think and behave differently depending on the language they use. |
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-social interaction precedes development
-children play an active role in learning
- |
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| language and thought are independent of each other |
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| the organization of language is more important than how many words are in the vocabulary |
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-organization
-schemata
-adaptation
-assimilation
-accomodation |
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Term
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Definition
-all behavior is reflexive
-can discriminate phoneme contrasts |
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Term
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Definition
-lack intentionality (cry because they're hungy not because they know they'll be feed)
-self-imitation (sucking) |
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Term
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Definition
-learns to respond to signals (seeing a bottle means its time to eat)
-imitation (if it's something being done and seen at the present time)
-increased interest in toys and environment(not just mother's face)
-can manipulate objects |
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Term
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Definition
-understand that other people's actions are purposeful
-develop intentionality
-causality
-object permanance
-means to an end |
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Definition
-symbols appear as first words
-skilled imitation (of things they can't actually see in front of them) |
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Definition
-can represent objects internally (don't need to have a phone to pretend to use one)
-symbolic play |
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Term
birth --> 6 months
(socially) |
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Definition
-social smile
-preference for exaggerated language and actions
-eye gaze
-rituals/games
-interest in objects
-decrease in infant handling that leads to |
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Term
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Definition
-intentionality
-increase resonse to requests
-development of communication functions |
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Term
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Definition
0-8 months
-child lacks intention but the parent thinks they have meaning |
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Term
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Definition
8-12 months
-intentional communication (gestures, PCFs, communicative purpose) |
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12+ months
-1st meaningful word
-symbols |
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Definition
| free infant from physiological state dominance (not hungry) |
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Definition
| optimizing learning...not distracted, at same level |
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| maintainance of communication |
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| patting or rhythmic...keeping attention |
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| infantile modification of adult actions |
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| -baby talk, imitating baby's movements |
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Definition
sharing a focus
-indicating
-deixis
-naming |
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Definition
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Definition
-shared behaviors in similar contexts
*games |
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more conversational...every day novel ideas (not necessarily routines)
-starts with feeding |
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Definition
| -using language in as many situations as you can |
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| -rhythmic...using rhythm of speech and movements |
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| knowing what happens based on having gone through an event |
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| categorizing new owrds and classes of words and comparing them to categorize them |
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| comprehension precedes production |
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Definition
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Term
| toddlers (with receptive language) |
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Definition
-gain a sense of how sounds go together
-use patterns to understand boudaries of words |
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Definition
toddler-receptive
-words don't just go with but actually stand for words |
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Term
| mutual exclusivity assumption |
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Definition
toddler-receptive
-a referent can't be a cup and a spoon
-has to be separate |
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toddler-receptive
-theres some similarity
-what they know as a cup can extend if another child has a cup because it'll look similar |
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toddler-receptive
-label refers to entire entity
*baby...not the baby's arm |
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toddler-receptive
-goes beyond the basic level of and extends something like cup to mean all things that hold liquid |
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| novel-nameless assumption |
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Definition
toddler-receptive
-enables a child to remember a label for something after only a few exposures |
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| conventionality assumption |
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Definition
toddler-receptive
-a car is consistently called a car (not a truck or sedan...) |
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Definition
toddler-expressive
-naming something
(parent gives feedback) |
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Definition
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toddler-expressive
-whats that? eh? |
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Definition
toddler-expressive
-partial imitation of utterances |
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Term
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Definition
"Daddy throw ball"
--"throw ball" |
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Definition
| hm...here's a strainer what does this do...maybe it goes on your head |
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Definition
"Daddy throw ball"
--"throw frisbee" |
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Term
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Definition
preschool
-children use knowledge and experiences to figure out what someone's saying or what a sentence means |
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Definition
preschool
-child learns to use certain words in certain contexts and that's how they recognize when they're an appropriate thing to fill in |
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| pay attention to the ends of words |
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Definition
-children learn suffixes and postposition before prefixes and prepositions
-heavier before more heavy |
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Term
| phonological forms can be sematically modified |
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Definition
| child learns pronunciations gradually... |
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| avoid interruption to the order of words and morphemes |
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Definition
| -ignore stuff like before and after |
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Term
| underlying semantic realtions should be marked overtlty and clearly |
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Definition
-all words (even and and for) get really emphasized
-will use i will instead of i'll
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Definition
-tendency to overgeneralize
-have to learn difference between much and many (much sand, many cookies) |
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| grammatical markers should make semantic sense |
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Definition
"kerry is going he for a week"
not right...
"kerry is coming here" |
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| -using adult speech but using a baby voice |
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| using not real language and babbling |
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| common types of prompting |
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Definition
-fill ins
-illicited imitation (can you say cat?)
-questions |
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Term
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Definition
"bottle"
you want your bottle
-more adult version |
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Definition
"look a cookie"
"yes it's a chocolate chip cookie" |
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| repeating what the child says |
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-extension
-expansion
-imitation |
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Term
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Definition
| child says something...adult responds with something that then requires another response |
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| thematic role playing (at 3) |
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Definition
| Child sequences actions a familiar scripts and situations |
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Term
| thematic role playing (at 4) |
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Definition
Role play others
Stereotypes |
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