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| Chemical messenger that acts as a hormone to mobilize the body for fight or flight during times of stress and as a neurotransmitter in the central nervous system. |
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| Neurotransmitter found in the brain and in the parasumpathetic division of the autonomic nervous system |
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| Chemical release by a neuron onto a target with an excitatory or inhibitory effect |
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| Amine neurotransmitter that plays a role in coordinating movement in attention and learning and in behaviors that are reinforcing |
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| Organelle consisting of a membrane structure that encloses a quantum of neurotransmitters |
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| gap that seperates the presynamptic membrane from the postsynaptic membrane |
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| Junction where messenger molecules are released when stimulated by an action potential |
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| Membrane on the transmitter outpute side of a synapse |
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| Membrane on the transmitter inpute side of a synapse |
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| Membranous compartment that holds several vessicles containing a neurotransmitter |
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| Fused presynaptic and postsynaptic membrane that allows an action potential to pass directly from one neuron to the next |
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| Protein molecule that pumps substances across a membrane |
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| Transmitter-activated receptor |
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| Protein embedded in the membrane of a cell that has a biniding site for a specific neurotransmiter |
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| self-receptor in a neural membrane that responds to the transmitter that the neruon releases |
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| Quantitiy equivalent to the contents of a single synaptic vesicle that produces a just observable change in the postsynaptic electric potential |
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| deactivation of a neurotransmitter when membrane transporter protiens bring the transmitter back into the presynaptic axon terminal for subsequent reuse |
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| Small molecule transmitter |
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| class of quick acting neurotransmitters synthesized in hte axon terminal from products derived from the diet |
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| Any enzyme that is in limited supply, thus restricting the pace at which a chemical can be synthesized |
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| Amino acid neurotransmitter that excites neurons |
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| Gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA) |
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Definition
| Amino acid neurotransmitter that inhibits neurons |
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| A multifuctional chain of amino acids taht acts as a neurotransmitter; synthesized from mRNA on instructions from the cell's DNA |
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| Acts as a chemical neurotranmitter gas - for example, to dilate blood vessels, aid digestion, and activate cellular metabolism |
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| Acts as a neurotranmitter gas in the activation of cellular metabolism |
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| Embedded membrane protein with two parts: a binding site for a neurotransmitter and a pore that regulates ion flow to directly and rapidly change membrane coltage |
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| Embedded membrane protein, with a binding site for a neurotransmitter but nopore, linked to a G protein that can affect other receptors or act with second messengers to affect other cellular processes |
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| Family of guanyl nuleotide-binding proteins coupled to metabotropic receptors that, when activated, bind to other proteins |
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| Activated by a neurotransmitter (the first messenger) a chemical that carries a message to initiate a biochemical process |
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| neuron that uses acetylcholine as a its main neurotransmitter |
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| Ionotropic receptro at which acetylcholine and the drug nicotine act as ligands to activate the flow of ions through the receptor pore |
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| Neural pathways taht coordinate brain activity through a single neurotranmitter; cell bodies are located in a nucleus in the brainstem and axons are distributed throu a wide region of the brain |
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| Degenrative brain disorder; first appears as progressive memory loss and later develops into generalized dementia |
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| behavioral disorder characterized by delusions, hallucinations, disorganized speech, blunted emotion, agitation or immobility, and a host of associated symptoms |
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| From adrenaline, Latin for epinephrine; a neuron containing norpinephrine |
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| Obsessive-compulsive disorder |
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| Behavioral disorder characterize by compulsively repeated actcs and repetitive often unpleasent thoughts |
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| Relatively permanent change in behabior that results from experience |
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| The nervous systems potential for neurophysical or neurochemical change that enhances its adaptability to enviromental change and its ability to compensate for injury |
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| learning behavior in which a response to a stimulus weakens with repeated stimulus presentations |
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| Learning behavior in which the response ot a stimulus strenthens with repeated presentations of that stimuls because the stimuls is novel or becuase the stimulus is stronger than normal - for example after habituation has occured |
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| linkage of two or more unrelated stimuli to elicit a behavioral response |
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| In response to stimulation at a synapse, changed amplitude of an excitator postsynaptic potential that last for horus to days or longer and plays a prt in associative learning |
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