Term
| examples of Thrombolytic meds |
|
Definition
streptokinase
lanoteplase
reteplase
staphylokinase |
|
|
Term
| examples of Anti-thrombotic meds |
|
Definition
coumadin
warfarin
plavix
aspirin
heparin |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| cholesterol/lipid management |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| decr HR (block epinephrine) |
|
|
Term
| calcium channel blockers >> |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incr force of contraction (ex: digoxin) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| examples of Anti-arrhythmic meds (3) |
|
Definition
sodium channel blockers (litocain, trochantomide)
antisympathetics (beta blockers)
unknown (adenosine, digoxin) |
|
|
Term
| mech of action of anti-arrhythmics (2) |
|
Definition
affect K+
affect Ca++ at AV node |
|
|
Term
| Vein commonly used for CABG |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Criteria for CABG selection (4) |
|
Definition
2 occluded vessels
L ventricular dysfxn
USA
emergency p MI |
|
|
Term
| CABG Post-op complications (10) |
|
Definition
bleeding
altered BP
cardiac arrhythmia
renal dysfxn
infection
fluid/electrolyte imbalance
hemodynamic instability
pulmonary dysfxn
neurologic events
blood clots |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| inflate balloon in stenotic area for 1-3 min @ 60-80psi |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| restenosis occurs in 25-50% of pts |
|
|
Term
| Criteria for PTCA selection |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| PTCA: post-op complications (5) |
|
Definition
CA occlusion
MI
CA dissection
bleeding
circulatory compromise |
|
|
Term
| Heart transplant: orthotopic |
|
Definition
| old heart removed to be replaced by new heart |
|
|
Term
| Heart transplant: heterotopic |
|
Definition
| old heart left in chest cavity to support new heart |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| blunted HR changes (slower incr, slower decr) |
|
|
Term
| Criteria for heart transplant selection (6) |
|
Definition
2nd stage myocardial disease (ordinary activity >> symptoms)
ejection fraction <20%
medical Rx not effective
survival prognosis 6-12 mos
cardiomyopathy or ischemic disease
40-50 yo (upper age = 60-65 yo) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dual chamber (both atria, both ventricles)
single chamber
temporary
permanent c defibrillator (for pt c hx of heart failure) |
|
|
Term
| Pacemakers: Mode of pacing (2) |
|
Definition
Fixed (incl asynchronous)
Demand (incl inhibited) |
|
|
Term
| Pacemakers: complications (4) |
|
Definition
local infection
arrhythmias from ventricle
loss of capture (current doesn't stimulate)
perforation of ventricle |
|
|
Term
| **Pacemaker: exercise precautions** (3) |
|
Definition
know mode of pacing (settings)
monitor response
fixed rate pacer = relative contraindication (can't meet system needs) |
|
|
Term
| Types of replacement valves (2) |
|
Definition
mechanical (last 25 yr)
biological prosthesis (last 10-15 yr, but may work better) |
|
|
Term
| Types of mechanical replacement valves (2) |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Risks of mechanical replacement valve |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Ventricular assistive device |
|
Definition
blood bypasses L ventricle;
no heart beat bc it is a continuous flow |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
education: post-sx expectations, nutrition, smoking, risk factors
begin ex: submax, establish routine, look at post-op options |
|
|
Term
| Pt kept in recovery room (immediate post-op) until... (3) |
|
Definition
stable vitals
no apparent internal bleeding
pt responds to name |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| Complications of acute cardiac care (3) |
|
Definition
reduced arousal
sx pain
difficulty breathing |
|
|
Term
| **what ICU preventative PT does** (4) |
|
Definition
reduce effect of restricted mobility
reduce risk of musculoskeletal deformity (contractures)
reduce risk of decubitus ulcer
teach breathing/coughing techniques |
|
|
Term
| Goals of early post-op PT: provide treatment based on... |
|
Definition
| needs and post-op status of pt (NOT based on sx) |
|
|
Term
| Early post-op PT: major areas (3) |
|
Definition
breathing
embolus prevention
return to fxn |
|
|
Term
| Components of "return to fxn" area of early post-op PT (2) |
|
Definition
decisions about what pt will need in community (inpt rehab? outpt rehab at home?)
home needs (distance to bathroom, help from family, etc) |
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