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Exam 1 (chs 1-3)
Organic Chemistry 12th ed. T W Graham Solomons, Craig B Fryhle, Scott A Snyder
52
Organic Chemistry
Undergraduate 3
10/01/2021
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Term
formal Charge
 Definition
FC=z-(s/2)-4
Term
sigma bond (σ)
 Definition
end-on-end overlap
Term
pi bond (π) 
 Definition
side-by-side overlap
Term
isomers
 Definition
same molecular formula but different structural or spatial arrangement of atoms.
Term
constitutional isomers
 Definition
same molecular formula but differ in the order of connectivity.
Term

[image]

line bond

 Definition
bond that lies in plane
Term
wedge bond
 Definition
bond that lies out plane
Term
dashed line
 Definition
bond that lies behind of plane
Term
Where does the inductive effect occur?
 Definition
the sigma bond network
Term
methane
 Definition
CH4
Term
ethane
 Definition
CH3CH3
Term
propane
 Definition
CH3CH2CH3
Term
butane
 Definition
CH3CH2CH2CH3
Term
isobutane
 Definition
CH3CH(CH3)2
Term
alkane
 Definition
[image]
Term

cyclic alkanes

 

 Definition
[image]
Term
acyclic alkanes (fully saturated)
 Definition
[image]
Term
alkene
 Definition
[image]
Term
alkyne
 Definition
[image]
Term
aliphatic
 Definition
  • alkene
  • alkane
  • alkyne
Term
aromatic
 Definition
[image]
Term
alkyl halides
 Definition

R-X (F,Cl,Br,I)

 

[image]
Term
methyl chloride
 Definition

CH3Cl

 

[image]
Term
ethyl fluoride
 Definition

CH3CH2-F

 

[image]
Term
isopropyl iodide
 Definition
[image]
Term
propyl iodide
 Definition

CH3CH2CH2-I

[image]
Term
butyl bromide
 Definition

 

[image]
Term
isobutyl bromide
 Definition
[image]
Term
sec-butyl bromide
 Definition
[image]
Term
tert-butyl bromide
 Definition
[image]
Term
Types of carbon-containing functional groups
 Definition
[image]
Term
Alcohol
 Definition
  • R-OH
  • pka=16-19

[image]
Term
methyl alcohol
 Definition
CH3-OH
Term
ethyl alcohol
 Definition
CH3CH2OH
Term
phenols
 Definition
  • pka=10-14

[image]
Term
thiols
 Definition

R-SH

 

[image]
Term
aldehyde
 Definition
[image]
Term
formaldehyde
 Definition
[image]
Term
carboxylic acid
 Definition
[image]
Term
ester
 Definition
[image]
Term
amides
 Definition
[image]
Term
acyl halides
 Definition
[image]
Term
amines
 Definition
[image]
Term
ether
 Definition
[image]
Term
nitrile
 Definition
[image]
Term
ethanol
 Definition
R-OH
Term
Lewis Base and Acid
 Definition
[image]
Term
lewis acid
 Definition
electron-pair donors
Term
lewis base
 Definition
electron pair acceptors
Term
If Kequilibrium>1 then
 Definition
ΔG= - (negative)
Term
If kequilibrium<1 then
 Definition
ΔG= + (positive)
Term
If kequilibrium = 1
 Definition
ΔG = 0
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