Term
| Name the four properties of water that are vital to life on earth |
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Definition
| Cohesion, Insulation of bodies of water, temp moderation, solvent of life |
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Term
| What is the characteristic of water that makes life on earth possible? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why does ice float on liquid water? |
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Definition
| Hydrogen bonds stabilize and keep the H2O molecules of ice farther apart than the H2O molecules of liquid water. |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
Which is more HYDROPHOBIC?
Vitamin A: 20 C atoms; no OH group
Vitamin B3: 10 C atoms; 5 OH groups |
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Definition
Vitamin A (20:1 ratio)
Vitamin B3 (2:1 taio) |
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Term
Which is more HYDROPHILIC?
Vitamin C: 6 C atoms; 6 OH groups
Vitamin D2: 27 C atoms; 1 OH group |
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Definition
Vitamin C (1:1 ratio)
Vitamin D2 (27:1 ratio) |
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Term
| Is Vitamin E: (28 C atoms; 1 OH group) water soluble or fat soluble? |
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Definition
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Term
Which of the following is NOT one of the properties of water resulting from its tendency to form hydrogen bonds?
A) the polar nature of the water molecule itself
B) cohesion
C) the floating of ice on water
D) the mild climate of many coastal regions
E) the ability of water to dissolve salt |
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Definition
| A) the polar nature of the water molecule itself |
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Term
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Definition
| Removes ONE H20 to join TWO monomers |
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Term
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Definition
| Adds ONE H2O molecule to breakdown a polymer into TWO monomers |
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Term
How many molecules of water are needed to completely break down into its monomers a polymer that is 20 monomers long?
A) 20
B) 21
C) 22
D) 19
E) 18 |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Glucose, fructose, galactose |
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Term
What is the formula for a disaccharide made from two hexoses?
A) C2 H4 O2
B) C6 H12 O6
C) C12 H24 O12
D) C12 H22 O11 |
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Definition
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Term
| Name three important monosaccharides |
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Definition
| glucose, glactose, fructose |
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Term
| Name three important dissccharides |
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Definition
| Sucrose, lactose, maltose |
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Term
| What is the hexose ratio in HFCS? |
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Definition
| 55% Fructose/ 45% glucose, makes it seem sweeter |
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Term
| What are some advantages of HFCS? |
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Definition
| Long shelf life, no freezer burn, extra sweet, makes cookies chewy and soft |
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Term
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Definition
| flatulence and diarrhea, fructose malabsorption, mineral deficiency, diarrhea can cause oral contraception malfunction, obesity, chronic disease, |
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Term
Lactose intolerance frequency in a culture depends on whether or not the culture had a history of dairy farming.
True
False |
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Definition
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Term
| Name three polysaccharides |
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Definition
| starch, cellulose, glycogen |
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Term
There are different muscle fiber types: “Fast-twitch fibers” are used for a sprint and “slow-twitch fibers” for extended exercise. Which of the statements below is most likely to be correct?
a) Fast-twitch fibers store mostly fat, while slow-twitch fibers store mostly glycogen
b) Fast-twitch fibers store mostly glycogen, while slow-twitch fibers store mostly fat
c) Both fiber types store mostly glycogen
d) Both fiber types store mostly fat |
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Definition
| b) Fast-twitch fibers store mostly glycogen, while slow-twitch fibers store mostly fat |
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Term
Lactose, a sugar in milk, is composed of one glucose molecule joined to one galactose molecule. How is lactose classified?
A) as a hexose
B) as a sugar with a secondary structure
C) as a monosaccharide
D) as a disaccharide
E) as a polysaccharide |
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Definition
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Term
The glycemic index is ________________, while the glycemic load is _______________.
A) the rapidity of glycogen formation, the total amount of glycogen formed
B) the rapidity of glycogen digestion, the total amount of glycogen digested
C) the rapidity of the breakdown of a carbohydrate into glucose, the total amount of that carbohydrate consumed
D) the rapidity of glucose uptake into the blood, the total amount of glucose uptake into the blood |
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Definition
| C) the rapidity of the breakdown of a carbohydrate into glucose, the total amount of that carbohydrate consumed |
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Term
| Is starch or cellulose better for biofuel? |
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Definition
| cellulose (no competition with food) |
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Term
Which of the following is NOT one of the current problems in generating cellulosic ethanol?
A) The digestion of cellulose is difficult.
B) Cell walls are only a small portion of a plant’s total carbon.
C) Collection and transport of the biomass is expensive.
D) Biomass production places a demand on water resources. |
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Definition
| The digestion of cellulose is difficult. |
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Term
Which of the following is NOT one of the problems with the use of ethanol generated from corn grain?
A) not energy efficient, due to use of fossil fuels for the growth of corn
B) difficult digestion of the starch to hexoses
C) large demand on water resources
D) competition with food |
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Definition
| B) difficult digestion of the starch to hexoses |
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Term
What fats in the typical modern, western diet should be reduced?
A) Saturated fats
B) Trans fats
C) Some unsaturated fats
D) A and B only
E) A, B, and C |
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Definition
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Term
The typical modern, western diet is excessively high in the following fats/oils
A) Animal fat
B) Canola oil
C) Corn oil
D) A and B
E) A and C |
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Definition
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Term
| Describe 4 functions of fat in the diet |
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Definition
| energy supply, building blocks of the body, diet-gene interaction, physiology (imflammation) |
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Term
| How much is the reccomended level of saturated fats in the diet? |
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Definition
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