Term
| derivation and meaning of geography |
|
Definition
| greek for "writing the world" |
|
|
Term
| 5 distinctions of a region |
|
Definition
1.languages
2.what people do for a living
3.religion
4.climate
5.topography |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| elements linked so that changing one element often changes another element |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| they affect and are affected by each other |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| regions emerge over time and new regions will take their place |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| breaks boundaries by encouraging similar activity among different places |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| how, when, and why new regions emerge |
|
|
Term
| how do globalization and regionalization operate together |
|
Definition
| new global connections are made through trade, migration, etc that allows regions to change |
|
|
Term
| how do globalization and regionalization relate |
|
Definition
| globalization encourages regionalization while regional differences also contribute to globalization |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| current state of temperature and precipitation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| average long term weather conditions |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| interactions of air, water, and solar energy around the globe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| sun warms air at equator which rises and releases moisture over manaus. rising air goes north and gets drier eventually sinking over southwestern US. air forms mass that limits rain for much of then year. |
|
|
Term
| what does anthropocene mean |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| humans are primary contributor in changing earth's system |
|
|
Term
| when does the sun hit the equator the most |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does the sun hit the tropic of cancer the most |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| when does the sun hit the tropic of capricorn the most |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| air flows together and rises vertically as a result of intense solar heat at the equator |
|
|
Term
| where do trade winds or "easterlies" flow? |
|
Definition
-between the dry tropics and the equator
-from the east to the west |
|
|
Term
| where do "westerlies" flow |
|
Definition
-air over the tropics
-from the west to the east |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of tropical |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristics of arid and semiarid |
|
Definition
| dry deserts and grasslands |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of tropical savannas |
|
Definition
| distinct wet and dry seasons |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of mediterranean |
|
Definition
| warm moderate temperatures |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of humid subtropical |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristics of marine west coast |
|
Definition
| persistently wet and somewhat cold |
|
|
Term
| characteristics of continental |
|
Definition
-somewhat dry
-long cold winters |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristics of highlands |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| indicators of climate decrease |
|
Definition
| more ice and snow and earlier spring |
|
|
Term
| indicators of climate increase |
|
Definition
| higher temperatures and trees and species shifting poleward and upward |
|
|
Term
| largest emitters of greenhouse gases |
|
Definition
China (4 tons)
US (20 tons per capita)
Brazil (12) |
|
|
Term
| two examples with very high greenhouse gas emissions |
|
Definition
| qatar and kuwait; more than 30 tons per person |
|
|
Term
| two examples with very low greenhouse gas emissions |
|
Definition
| mali and tanzania; less than 1 ton per person |
|
|
Term
| highest projected temperature increase in 2080 |
|
Definition
| north of the arctic circle |
|
|
Term
| 3 different plate boundaries |
|
Definition
| transform, divergent, and convergent |
|
|
Term
| example of a divergent boundary |
|
Definition
| great rift valley in africa |
|
|
Term
| example of a transform boundary |
|
Definition
| san andreas fault in california |
|
|
Term
| which regions of the world increased in forestation between 1990-2010 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| estimated annual cost of invasive species |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| define social, economic, and environmental sustainability |
|
Definition
| meeting the needs while preserving resources |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| process starts with raw material (coffee beans) and ends with a finished product (brewed coffee) |
|
|
Term
| primary economic activity |
|
Definition
| extractive: natural resource extraction (1865) |
|
|
Term
| secondary economic activity |
|
Definition
| manufacturing: and processing (1960) |
|
|
Term
| tertiary economic activity |
|
Definition
| services: sale and exchange of goods and services (2000) |
|
|
Term
| quaternary economic activity |
|
Definition
| information: handling and processing knowledge and information |
|
|
Term
| measuring economic development |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| differences between GNI, GDP, and PPP |
|
Definition
GNI: net value of income from abroad
GDP: total value of all goods and services produced by a single country
PPP: amount of local goods and services purchasable by given currency |
|
|
Term
| number of countries that experienced a decline in GNI in the 1990's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| region where living standards, on average, decline in the early 1960's |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| 3 countries highest ranked in the HDI |
|
Definition
| norway, australia, netherlands |
|
|
Term
| 2 countries lowest ranked in the HDI |
|
Definition
| niger and the democratic republic of congo |
|
|
Term
| neoliberal causes of poverty |
|
Definition
| govt subsidies, rules, and interventions |
|
|
Term
| 5 permanent members of the united nations security council |
|
Definition
| US, great britain, china, france, and russia |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| material and symbolic connections among people and places that can be altered and are always changing |
|
|
Term
| two areas where major religions originated |
|
Definition
| india and the middle east |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| common language to communicate across linguistic boundaries |
|
|
Term
| lingua franca of east africa |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| difference between sex and gender |
|
Definition
sex: biological makeup
gender: actions of the sex |
|
|
Term
| projected population in 2050 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| percentage of population north of the equator |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| types of societies associated with high death rates |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| high birth and death rates are replaced by low birth and death rates |
|
|
Term
| geoengineering to counteract global warming |
|
Definition
| iron fertilization of the sea, greening deserts, cloud seeding, etc |
|
|
Term
| two countries that led the first wave of colonial activity |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| crop that provides a signature example of colonialism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| characteristics of a capitalist system |
|
Definition
| profit motive and corporate ownership of production goods and resources |
|
|
Term
| regions that stagnated during the 2nd wave of colonialism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| regions that expanded economically during the 2nd wave of colonialism |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| factors that fueled the industrial revolution |
|
Definition
| capitalist productivity and european colonial expansion |
|
|
Term
| who did western europe turn to due to communism and the cold war |
|
Definition
| economically integrated with US and canada |
|
|
Term
| who did eastern europe turn to due to communism and the cold war |
|
Definition
| tightly linked to russia and parts of asia |
|
|
Term
| key factor to the rise of europe over the last 500 years |
|
Definition
| its relationships with its colonies |
|
|
Term
| population of east asia in 2011 |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| population of east asia living in poverty |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| parts of east asia where rainfall averages less than 5 inches per year |
|
Definition
| western and northwestern east asia |
|
|
Term
| average carbon emissions in china |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| average carbon emissions in US |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| average carbon emissions in japan |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| which two plates collided off the coast of japan |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| why societies are described as hydraulic civilizations |
|
Definition
| it is a civilization that survived, thrived, and expanded on their capacity for water control |
|
|
Term
| 4 positive impacts from the three gorges dam |
|
Definition
| energy, industry, river navigation, flood control |
|
|
Term
| 4 negative impacts from the three gorges dam |
|
Definition
| earthquake triggering, threat to ecosystem, endangered species, historical artifacts |
|
|
Term
| impact of the green revolution |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| negative effects of pesticide exposure in china |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| effects of DMZ between north and south korea |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| civilizations linked by the silk road |
|
Definition
| china, central asia, india, rome, and later, byzantium |
|
|
Term
| length of the longest grand canal |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| extent of the canal network in china by the 15th century |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| internal factors leading to imperial decline |
|
Definition
| administration and defense |
|
|
Term
| external factors leading to imperial decline |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| allowed europe and america trade with china |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| model of state capitalism and effects on the chinese manufacturing sector |
|
Definition
| market based economy with private ownership; grown by almost 15% annually |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| hostility between north and south korea |
|
|
Term
| unresolved geopolitics in taiwan |
|
Definition
| china and taiwan formed the republic of china |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| spiritual leader of revolters in tibet |
|
|
Term
| efforts at population control |
|
Definition
| one for urban, two for rural, three for minorities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| very successful; abortions made freely available |
|
|
Term
| when did china's urban population first exceed its rural population |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| future consequences of emerging chinese hegemony |
|
Definition
| how and when china extends their aid |
|
|
