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exam 1
chapter 1&2
43
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Kindergarten
09/05/2014

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Term
molecules
Definition
Figure 1.1 in the textbook. According to the illustration, the lowest level of structure that applies to the study of physiology is
Term
Integumentary
Definition
This organ system is responsible for providing a protective barrier between the internal environment of the body and the external environment
Term
Mechanistic Approach
Definition
Examining the functions of the human body from the perspective of HOW things work is called
Term
Teleological Approach
Definition
HEART RATE INCREASES BECAUSE MORE OXYGEN IS NEEDED AT THE CELLS. This statement would be an example of the___ approach to human physiology
Term
Top
Definition
When creating a structure/function map, the most general term should appear at the____ of the map
Term
Process Map
Definition
Because physiology is primarily the study of function, that is a series of events, this type of map will be used most often
Term
Arrow
Definition
In a process map, this represents the passage of time
Term
Organism
Definition
Figure 1.2. From the list of terms which level of organization will appear at the top of the structure map?
Term
Organ
Definition
Figure 1.2. From the list of terms which level of organization will appear at the bottom of the structure map?
Term
Arrow
Definition
Phrases like "binds to" would appear next to this in a process map
Term
Disequilibrium
Definition
Figure 1.6 based on the distribution of ions in the intracellular and extracellular fluid, it is clear that the body's fluid compartments are in a state of chemical
Term
Negative
Definition
In this type of feedback loop, the final response is in the opposite direction of the original stimulus
Term
positive
Definition
this type of feedback loop in not homeostatic
Term
Integrating center
Definition
In a feedback loop, this step represents the structure that is responsible for processing information and determining if a response is required
Term
efferent pathway
Definition
this feedback loop step represents a messenger from the processing center to the structure that can act to adjust the system when needed
Term
stimulus
Definition
this is the original change in the internal or external environment that kicks off the feedback loop
Term
Response
Definition
this step of a feedback loop represents the final outcome of the effectors action
Term
Afferent pathway
Definition
this step of the feedback loop links the sensor with the integrating center
Term
Effector
Definition
this step represents a structure that can act to alter or adjust the system if needed
Term
sensor
Definition
this step represents a structure that detects the change in the internal or external environment
Term
electron
Definition
These sub-atomic particles have a negative charge
Term
ion
Definition
a charged atom or molecule
Term
hydrogen bond
Definition
adjacent water molecules are held together by this type of bond
Term
anions
Definition
an atom atom that gains an electron
Term
isotope
Definition
an atom that gains neutrons
Term
protons
Definition
an element is determined by the number of these sub-atomic particles
Term
biomolecules
Definition
another name for organic molecule
Term
bonds
Definition
in a molecule, two or more atoms are held together by chemical
Term
covalent
Definition
in this type of bond, electrons in the outermost shell are shared by two atoms
Term
ionic
Definition
in this type of bond, one atom loses electrons and the other atom gains electrons
Term
non-polar
Definition
in this type of molecule, electrons are shared equally
Term
polar
Definition
in this type of molecule, there is a positively charged region and a negatively charged region because the electrons are not shared equally
Term
hydrophobic
Definition
molecules that are insoluble in water (separate from water and don't dissolve) are called:
Term
hydrophilic
Definition
molecules that are soluble in water (mix well and diffuse through water) are called
Term
alkaline
Definition
on the pH scale, the higher the number, the more__ the substance
Term
concentration
Definition
the amount of a dissolved solute in a certain amount of solvent is called the solutions____
Term
protons & Neutrons
Definition
the atomic mass is based on the number of these sub-atomic particles
Term
pH
Definition
the concentration of hydrogen ions (H+) in solution is referred to as the solutions
Term
covalent
Definition
these are the strongest bonds in the list
Term
hydrogen
Definition
these are the weakest of the bonds listed
Term
electrons
Definition
these sub-atomic particles are found in the orbits an atom
Term
electrons
Definition
these sub-atomic particles are involved in interactions of two or more atoms
Term
protons
Definition
these sub-atomic particles have a positive charge
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