Term
| chronic vs. acute disease |
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Definition
| chronic is more damaging longer to affect ex heart attack, cancer. Acute is quick sometimes fatal but usually strep throat, common cold, etc |
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Term
| Name 6 classes of nutrients |
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Definition
| Carbohydates, lipids, protein, minerals, vitamis, water |
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Term
| name the 4 set of values under the DRI |
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Definition
EAR, RDA, AI, EER
Estimate average requirement(EAR)
Reccommended dietary Allowance(RDA)
adquae intake(AI)
Estimamted energey requirement(EER) |
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Term
| Which of the 4 set values under DRI is 98% nees of population? |
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Definition
| RDA. Recommended dietary allowance |
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Term
| What is AMDR for carbohydates, proteins, and lipids(fat)? |
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Definition
| Carbs 45%-65%, protein 10%-35%, lipids 20%-35% |
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Term
| Name the components of "ABCDMV" |
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Definition
Adequacy
Balance
Kcalorie
nutrient density
moderation
variety |
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Term
| define enriched and fortified? |
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Definition
enriched: nurtients added back after processing to meet standards
fortified: nutrients are added that were not originally present |
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Term
| after a grain is refined, what remains? |
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Definition
| process that removes coarse/most parts of a food. |
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Term
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Definition
| a nutrient diffenciency caused by not taking enough nutrients |
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Term
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Definition
| from not enough intake but from potential disease condition hindering from necessary nutrients |
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Term
| define a Calorie, kcalorie, and calorie |
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Definition
calorie- units by which energy is measured
kcalories- 1000 calories equal 1 k calorie
Calorie-capatialized calorie is for the public |
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Term
| what is the major nutrient in the endosperm? |
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Definition
| contains starch and protein |
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Term
| name the macronutrients and the micronutrients? |
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Definition
macro:body needs plenty, carbs, fat, and protein
micro:body doesnt need as much, vitamins and minerals |
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Term
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Definition
| measurement of nutrient content to its energy content |
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Term
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Definition
| more than just neccessary needed from outside the body, normaly from foods |
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Term
what are the 4 categories for nutrient assesment?
what does each do? |
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Definition
Historical info, health history of past family etc
Anthropometric measuremtent, physical characteristic heigh weight etc.
Physical examination, lookig for clues of bad nutrtiontion status, hair eyes, skin posture tongue
Labaratory test, taking test on urine comparing to other data |
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Term
| the major behaviors that cause death in the US is? |
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Definition
| poor diet, tobaco, alcohol, motor vehicle |
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Term
| which nutrients are organic and whichare inorganic |
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Definition
water-inorganic
lipids-organic
protein-organic
carbohydrates-organic
minerals-inorganic
vitamins-organic |
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Term
| the food exchange list was first developed for which group of people? |
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Definition
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Term
| eating oatmeal everyday is which type of food choice? |
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Definition
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Term
| what are the set of standar values on food labels? how many kcalories are they based on? |
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Definition
FDA requirement on packaged food.
all ingredient in descending order by weight
serving size, serving per container.
One calorie is 1,000 kcalorie |
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Term
| what is the order that food passes through the GI tract? |
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Definition
Mouth
Esophagus
stomach
small intestines
large intestines(colon, rectum)
anus
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Term
| what is the funtion of the epiglottis? |
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Definition
| to prevent food from falling through the airway |
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Term
| what is bolus? what is chyme? |
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Definition
bolus is a portion of food chewed and swollowed.
chyme is the semiliquid mass of partly digested food expelled by the stomach into the duodenum. |
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Term
| what are the funtion of the 4 sphincter muscles? |
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Definition
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Term
| Bile works with wich nutrient? |
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Definition
| its an emulsifier, it prepares fats and oils for digestion |
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Term
| what is the pH of the stomach? of the intestines? |
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Definition
| stomach very acidic 1.5-1.7, intestines- mildly acidic |
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Term
| which organ does protein digestion being |
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Definition
stomach. stomach acid breaks down protein
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Term
| how are the foods grouped in the food exchange plan? |
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Definition
| grouped based on nutrient content then specify for people to eat a certain amount of each group |
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Term
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Definition
interior endosperm- starch, protein
germ- rich in mineral and vitamins the seed that grows.
The outer HUSK is the nedible of a grain.
Bran- protective kenel rich with fiber. |
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Term
| how many of the 10 leading causes of deathin the US is? |
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Definition
Heart disease, cancers, strokes, diabetes mellitus
4. |
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Term
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Definition
are catagories of 5 different nutrients need for the body neccessary for your body
protein, veg, fruits, grains, dairy |
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Term
| what is the chief reason we eat? |
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Definition
| to take in neccessary nutrients for our body to be healthy. Hunger. |
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Term
| which nutrient is in the highest quantity in foods |
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Definition
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Term
| which nutrients are enery yielding? how much energy do they yield per gram |
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Definition
carbohydares 4 kcal/g
protein 4 kcal/g
fat 9 kcal/g |
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