Shared Flashcard Set

Details

Exam 1
Animal Nutrition
36
Nutrition
Undergraduate 3
09/16/2013

Additional Nutrition Flashcards

 


 

Cards

Term
Most animals will adapt their behavior to slow water flow rates, but this might lead to lower food intake and fighting among animals
Definition
True
Term
Of the elements on the Periodic Table, only those that are essential for life are referred to as "minerals"
Definition
False
Term
Heat increment and heat of fermentation both represent a loss of energy from feedstuffs that can provide a benefit to the animal in some circumstances
Definition
True
Term
In ruminants, but not in other animals, the gaseous by-product methane represents lost gross energy
Definition
False
Term
More than twice the energy is physiologically available from the in vivo oxidation of fats than from carbohydrates or proteins on a per gram basis
Definition
True
Term
Studies in beef cattle suggest that 35-45% of the energy needed for normal production is used to meet maintenance needs
Definition
False
Term
Caloric efficiency is lowest for maintenance followed by milk production, then growth and fattening
Definition
False
Term
The definition of a nutrient must include any and all elements and compounds that are obtained primarily from the GI tract and that promote life processes, such as growth and reproduction
Definition
True
Term
Animal nutritionists are sometimes compared to detectives, because when they are not sure about something they rely on intuition and guesswork
Definition
False
Term
Of the elements listed on the Periodic Table, only a few elements are essential for life and all the rest are not needed and sometimes toxic to life on Earth
Definition
True
Term
Which major nutrient category do animals need while most plants do not
Definition
A source of vitamins
Term
What nutrient category is not organic
Definition
Minerals
Term
Is water the most essential organic nutrient to all life on Earth
Definition
No, water is not an organic nutrient
Term
What does a nutritionist mean when they described the energy in a feedstuff as being "digestible"
Definition
It is the energy in the food that the animal was able to absorb
Term

Water intake can be affected by many factors, which of these are not likely to affect water intake in a major way:

  1. Poor water quality
  2. Environmental temperature
  3. Water losses through respiration, perspiration, or urinary & fecal output
  4. Dry matter intake
  5. Short GI tracts
Definition
Short GI tracts
Term
A bomb calorimeter is used to determine what form of energy?
Definition
Gross energy
Term
In the poultry industry, which form of energy is most commonly used when describing the differences in various feeds
Definition
Metabolized energy
Term
If you are taking heat of fermentation into consideration, you must be trying to estimate which form of feed energy
Definition
Net energy
Term

Basal metabolism of animals is affected by many factors, except which item below:

  1. Age of the animal
  2. Sex of the animal
  3. Muscular activity, such as running
  4. Amount of lean tissue
  5. Breed
Definition
Muscular activity, such as running
Term
In the context of animal nutrition what does the term maintenance refer to
Definition
When animals neither gain nor lose weight or energy depots
Term

Which of these statements is correct about metabolic water:

  1. metabolic water is involved in various hydrolysis reactions within all cells of the body
  2. "metabolic water" refers to the importance that water plays in allowing all chemical reactions to occur within the body
  3. metabolic water is made in specialized cell that sore and burn fat
  4. metabolic water is formed by all cells from the oxidation of energy containing nutrients
  5. none of the above
Definition
Metabolic water is formed by all cells from the oxidation of energy containing nutrients
Term

Which of these statements about heat increment is correct:

  1. it is the same as total body heat production
  2. is a loss of energy in feedstuff that happens during fermentation
  3. is higher for highly digestible feedstuffs
  4. is lowest for feedstuffs that are used for growth, reproduction, or milk production
  5. none of these are true
Definition
None of these are true
Term
What adaptation explains why camels can go so long without a source of water?
Definition
Before journeys they drink large amounts of water (up to 40 gallons) which is stored in the animal's bloodstream
Term

Of the four key factors that affect water intake in livestock which ones is most important:

  1. water availability
  2. dry matter intake
  3. water loss
  4. water quality
  5. it depends
Definition
It depends
Term
Where does water absorption occur?
Definition
Throughout the GI tract
Term
Where does most water absorption occur?
Definition
In the colon
Term
Consuming proteins to provide essential amino acids is necessary for all animals, except what?
Definition
Goats
Term
Which macronutrient is most essential?
Definition
Water
Term
A diet devoid of fat and cholesterol is healthy for some people and animals
Definition
False
Term
In order to live people and animals require a source of glucose in their diets
Definition
True
Term
In what order are the four compartments of the foregut ruminant positioned in order of how feed reaches them?
Definition
Reticulum-Rumen-Omasum-Abomasum
Term

Which statement below in incorrect:

  1. microvilli and villi both greatly increase the surface are available for the absorption of nutrients in the small intestine
  2. saliva from ruminants contains urea, a waste product of amino acid oxidation
  3. in most animals salivary amylase and lipases contribute little to the digestion of foodstuffs
  4. pepsinogen is activated by acid in the stomach
  5. all of these statements are correct
Definition
All of these statements are correct
Term
How many gallons of saliva is produced by cows/steer per day?
Definition
50 gallons
Term
What is the correct order for how dietary energy is partitioned?
Definition
Gross energy-Digestible energy-Metabolizable energy-Net energy
Term
In the determination of a given feedstuff's metabolizable energy, researchers must account for losses of energy as measured in what?
Definition
Feces, urine, and combustible gases
Supporting users have an ad free experience!