Term
|
Definition
| loosely organized collection of agencies charged with protecting the public, maintaining order, enforcing the law, identifying transgressors, bringing the guilty to justice, and treating criminal behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| study of the origin, extent, and nature of crime in society. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| all crime is deviant, but not all deviance is a crime |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| what defines conduct as criminal |
|
Definition
Harm/injury to individuals and society
Undermining of public/social order
Offense against prevailing morality
Undermining the capacity of the criminal justice system |
|
|
Term
| crimes now vs 19th and early 20th centuries |
|
Definition
| crime rates higher in earlier times |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| increased with depression era outlaws |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| stop torture criminals. set certain consistent rule following behavior to let criminal know what will happen |
|
|
Term
| which era influenced contemporary criminal justice system |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
first police agency.
very liberal with no physical violence against criminal just sent to prison |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| CCC; still working today, polices the police |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| wickersham; new idea to try to rehabilitate criminal. but today we just make stricter laws |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rampant use of discretion by police professionals discovered by american bar foundations |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| pres johnson commission on law enforcement and administration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| probation community supervision and incarceration facilities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
2 million felony serious offenders
1.5 million for minors
14 million arrested a year
over 7 mil under correction supervision |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
first;premediated, intent to kill
second;intent to kill
nonnegligent;seriously provoked to kill
negligent; 3rd degree, acident
simple assault;no weapon, less dmg on victim
battery;physical contact |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| ethics in criminal justice |
|
Definition
| difficult; environment of moral ambiguity or tensions among legitimate goals and enormous power power granted to these people |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| towards WWI crime decrease until depression in 30s |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| crime rate doubled due to family structures changing with woman's rights and culture shift. 4.6-9.7 rate |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| crackwave with 9.8 crime rate with young poor males committing crimes |
|
|
Term
| reason for convergence of male and female violence |
|
Definition
| women committing more crimes rather than male committing less |
|
|
Term
| age property crimes and violent crimes peak and then when is decline |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| married, good job, military |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| crimes are more serious against blacks |
|
|
Term
| percent of crimes by strangers |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| police force prior to 18th century |
|
Definition
| no regular english police force. pledge system and sheriff. watch system, constable, and justice of the peace |
|
|
Term
| non british forms of police in southern states |
|
Definition
| slave patrols that enforced slave codes |
|
|
Term
| non british forms of police in western frontier |
|
Definition
| vigilantes who got criminal and go reward |
|
|
Term
| political era-1830s police |
|
Definition
machine politics:corrupt politicians allow corrupt criminal friends to be policeman.
detectives |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
professionalism, international asso. of chiefs of police:how ethical officers should be.
training of police officers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| turmoil and crisis. supreme court decisions. growing crime rate. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| structural changes. increased federal support. computers. women and minorities recruited to help bridge gap |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| emergence of community policing. unions fought for higher salaries. state and local budgets cut during reagen administration |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| rodney king case. increase in diversity of police forces |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| new forms of internet crime and identity theft. 20% of people come in contact with police. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 5 billion dollars annually. jurisdiction over federal laws including all statues not specifically assigned to other agencies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| established federal jurisdiction to regulate the trade, prescription, and use of drugs |
|
|
Term
| gun control act of 1968 and the organized crime control act of 1970 |
|
Definition
| the bureau has jurisdiction over the illegal sales, importation and criminal |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
nations oldest federal law enforcement agency
judicial security, fugitive investigations, witness protection, alien transportation, asset forfeiture program |
|
|
Term
| secret service original job |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| state law enforcement agencies |
|
Definition
| crime in non urban or city areas, hard time combating moving criminals between states |
|
|
Term
| country law enforcement agencies |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| metropolitan law enforcement agencies |
|
Definition
| local city and majority of cops |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| dont replace regular officer just help out like wakenhott group |
|
|
Term
| are most police indepe. or depend |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| who controls police groups |
|
Definition
| no specific administrative control from any higher governmental authority |
|
|
Term
| what kind of model do police follow |
|
Definition
| para military and seniority rules |
|
|
Term
| hierarchy of police power |
|
Definition
chief of police
assistant chief
vice, detectives, patrol, traffic lieutenant
sergeant
officers |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
foot patrol
canine corps
swat
district patrol |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
homicide
burglary
special victims
major case |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
mini stations
community liaisons |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
control
accidents
violators school |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
dare
office friendly
education and outreach |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
school liaison
gang control |
|
|
Term
| responsibilities of police |
|
Definition
To enforce laws
To provide services
To prevent crime
To preserve the peace |
|
|
Term
| police functions in support area |
|
Definition
| internal affairs review board polices the police |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| ability to decide to arrest or ticket or warning |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| be in area before something happens. preventative measures. foot patrols. more personal relationships with cops and community. best helpful way to patrol is on foot |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| while males high school education looking for respect and step up social ladder. family members were police |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| 17 percent are female and 27 percent are minorities |
|
|
Term
| special numbers for something |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
immediate facts at crime scene
info coverage of neighborhood and friends of suspects
look at technological advances
sting to wait for criminal to be criminal |
|
|
Term
| requirements to be police |
|
Definition
Be a US citizen
Not have been convicted of a felony
Be eligible for a driver’s license
Be at least 21 years old
Meet weight and eyesight requirements |
|
|
Term
| blue curtain. police culture "ideals" |
|
Definition
Police are the only real crime fighters.
No one else understands the real nature of police work.
Loyalty to colleagues counts above everything else.
It is impossible to win the war against crime without bending the rules.
Members of the public are basically unsupportive and unreasonably demanding.
Patrol work sucks. |
|
|
Term
| factors influencing discretion |
|
Definition
legal:homicide vs jaywalking
environmental:amount of detox centers
departmental:high crime area for certain deparment
situational:a persons demeanor. crowd vs no crowd
extralegal: occurring outside legal authority of law |
|
|
Term
| percent of people experiencing force against them by police |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| minority citizens hassled by police |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| no indiscriminate deadly force can be used by police |
|
|
Term
| perception vs response for officer |
|
Definition
assaultive(serious)->deadly force
assaultive(bodily harm)->defensive tactics
resistant(active)->compliance techniques
resistant(passive)->contact controls
compliant->verbal commands |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| first cop to be executed in US |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| external like on criminal payroll |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| broken windows model for community policing. reasons for bad neighborhood. |
|
Definition
1. Neighborhood disorder creates fear.
2. Neighborhoods give out crime-promoting signals like broken down houses.
3. Police need citizen cooperation. |
|
|
Term
| what supersedes violation of Miranda warning |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| inevitable discovery rule |
|
Definition
| can use illegal methods to find evidence if they would find it anyway |
|
|
Term
| admissions of mentally impaired |
|
Definition
| must prove they have proper vocab skills to show they can understand miranda warning |
|
|
Term
| miranda warning not required |
|
Definition
-in field if info is needed to protect public safety
-subtle initial errors are not reason to dismiss statements
-seizure of evidence can be done w/o giving warning
-if case is not criminal matter |
|
|
Term
| do suspects need to be aware of all possible outcomes to waiving their rights |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| no unquestionable searches and seizures |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| threshold inquiry search over clothes |
|
|
Term
| automobile search throton vs us |
|
Definition
must have probable cause to search.
vehicle must be involved in crime.
if person has left car it can still be searched. |
|
|
Term
second party consent
u.s. vs matlock |
|
Definition
| roommate can give consent to search your room |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| if one co-occupants is there and doesn't agree to a search then it trumps the person who says that the police can search. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| anything public can see and search is up for grabs for the police |
|
|
Term
| seizure of non physical evidence |
|
Definition
| conversation can be used if person does not expect privacy like phone call in public |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| need warrant for high tech gear public doesn't readily have access too |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| if small error made with obtaining court approved warrant the evidence is still able to be used |
|
|
Term
| percent of cases lost because of evidence thrown out |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
| does research show that police routinely violate suspects rights |
|
Definition
|
|
