Term
|
Definition
1400s to mid 1800s
opened by discovery of new world
cabinets of curiosities- basis for museums
myth of the moundbuilders
"arm-chair archaeology" |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
first SCIENTIFIC archaeological excavation
debunked Moundbuilder Myth |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
less speculation, more description and classification
Conceptual advances: deep time, stratigraphy, three age system, concept of evolution
Mid 1800s to early 1900s |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1840- descriptive
UNIFORMIARIANISM
suggested earth other than people thought |
|
|
Term
| Jacque Boucher de PERTHES |
|
Definition
found stone tools with animals
suggested earth even older |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
using layering of object to determine relative age
the deeper the layer, the older it is |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
C.J. Thomsen
Stone Age, Bronze Age, Iron Age
Worsaae- first trained archaeologist |
|
|
Term
| General Augusted Lane-Fox PITT-RIVERS |
|
Definition
precedent for mapping, military precision
barrows on estate |
|
|
Term
| Sir William Flanders PETRIE |
|
Definition
|
|
Term
|
Definition
grid square method
enlgand, india |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
investigate Moundbuilder Myth
entomology and ichthyologist
hired by precursor to Smithsonian
Hodgin doing archaeology |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Hired to investigate Great Zimbabe
same thing as Moundbuilders, but with Africans |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
early 1900s to 1960s
more professionalism
improved methods
concern with chronology
emphasis on immigration, diffusion
not much interest in how or why |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
culture history of Southwest
employed seriation and stratigraphy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Europe
culture histories for Europe and Middle East |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
culture history for Florida Gulf Coast
great reference book for pottery in this area
greater fame for maya stuff in peru |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
didn't like culture history shit
criticized them in A Study of Archaeology
wanted "conjunctive approach" (more interpretation) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
1960s to present
more scientific
culture as evolutionary process/adaptive system
patterns: stats, sampling, comps
hypothesis testing, laws (stupid ones) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Leading proponent of "new archaeology" (processual)
emphasis on scientific approach |
|
|
Term
| Downfall of processual archaeology |
|
Definition
stupid laws
trying to hard to make it science-y
too much emphasis on environment (more to a culture than what they ate)
influence of postmodern philosophy |
|
|
Term
| Post-Processual Archaeology |
|
Definition
1980s to present
no universal laws
emphases: gender, class, symbols, power, individuals
Marxist, feminist, interpretive
more involvement from descendant communities |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leading critic of processualist |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
focus on identity, class in colonial settlements
work in Haiti, St. Augustine |
|
|
