Term
| Field of Child Development |
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Definition
| Understanding aspects of Human Constancy and change from conception through middle childhood |
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Term
| Basic issues in child development |
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Definition
continuous or discontinuous
nature or nurture
one course of development or many |
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Term
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Definition
senorimotor stage birth to 2
preoperational 2-7
concerrte operational 7-12
formal operational 12 - to adulthood |
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Term
| information Processing approach |
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Definition
| uses a computer metaphor to explain thought processes |
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Term
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Definition
1. Zygote (lasts about two weeks) organisms attaches itself to the wall of the uterus
2.Embryonic (three weeks) major organs develop
critical period
3. Fetal Temperament - foudation of personality |
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Term
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Definition
harmful agents from the enviornment
depends on dose, heredity, presence of several negative factors |
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Term
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Definition
Maternal age
nutrition
physical activity
Emotional stress |
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Term
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Definition
Low consumption of vitamin c
drug use
lead
marijuana
tobacco
large amounts of alcohol |
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Term
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Definition
rely mostly on naturalistic observation
imprinting- the result of predispostion toward learning: the readinesss of an organism's nervous system to acquire certain information during criticsl period |
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Term
| Vygotsksy's Sociocultrual theory |
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Definition
focuses on how cultrue is transmitted from one generation to the next
reveals that children in every culture develop in unique strengths
childrens capacity to shapes their own development |
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Term
| Bronfenbrenner ecological systems theory |
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Definition
believes chidlren dvelop within a complex system of relationships affected by multiple levels in the environment
believes we must study a person in the context of these multiple enviornments |
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Term
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Definition
| reciprocal influences in the child's immediate enviornment |
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Term
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Definition
| culture's laws, values, customs, and resources |
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Term
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Definition
id- self born with pleasure
ego - develops during 1st yr of life
superego - pleases roles thinks about evryone else |
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Term
| five stages of psychosexual theroy |
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Definition
Oral- pleasure thru mouth
anal - pleasure thru bottom
phallic - odeipus son attracted to mom
electra - daughter attracted to dad
latency - too much pleasure or to little pleasure in first three stages child will get fixated (stuck)
gential |
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Term
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Definition
| Normal development related to cltrural context in which it occurs |
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Term
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Definition
concerned with behavior that can be observed and studed
development as continuous and emphasize quantitive development |
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Term
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Definition
| emphasizes the role modeling as a basis for development |
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Term
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Definition
| children arent changing very much and they are steady |
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Term
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Definition
rapid change
back and forth movement btween equilibrium and disequilibrium |
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Term
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Definition
| the first four weeks of life |
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Term
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Definition
20 inches long weighes 7.5 pds
boys tend to be slightly longer and heavier that girls
large head
large head |
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Term
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Definition
| assess heart rate, respiratory effort, reflex irritability, muscle tone, color |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
oxygen deprivation
low birthweight
postmature babies |
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Term
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Definition
stepping reflex is exercised regularly, babies are like to walk early
tonic neck prepares bbaby for voluntary movement
no longer serve a special purposeKauai |
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Term
| brazelton's neonatal behavioral assement scale |
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Definition
| first two weeks of life provide the best estimate of babys ability to recover from stress of birth |
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Term
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Definition
touch is the first sense to develop and the most mature
taste & smell begin to develop in the womb
newborn infant is attracted to the odor of mothers breast milk
newborns can distinguish different taste
vision is the least developed sense at birth |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
| how to determine maturity of child |
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Definition
the more epiphyses the less mature
epiphyses will disappear as the child grows |
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Term
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Definition
it is near adult size
neurons that are stimulated by input from the enviornment continue to establish new synapses |
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Term
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Definition
| process in which neural fibers are coated with insulating fatty sheath |
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Term
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Definition
| specialization of function of 2 hemispheres |
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Term
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Definition
| the ability of other parts of the brain to take over functions of a damaged part |
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Term
| nonorganic failure to thrive |
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Definition
lack of parental love
after age 2 called psychoscoial dwarfism |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
lack of protein
enlarged belly
swollen face
hair loss
skin rash
irritable behavior |
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Term
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Definition
Prereaching
reaching
unar grasp
pincer grasp |
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