Term
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Definition
| Personal awareness of mental activities, internal sensations, and the external environment. |
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Term
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Definition
| A cycle or rhythm that is roughly 24 hrs long; the cyclical daily fluctuations in biological and psychological processes. |
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Term
| Suprachaistmatic Nucleus (SCN) |
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Definition
| A cluster of neurons in the hypothalamus in the brain that governs the timing of circadian rhythms. |
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Term
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Definition
| An instrument that uses electrodes placed on the scalp to measure and record the brain's activity. |
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Term
| Electroencephalogram (EEG) |
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Definition
| The graph record of brain activity produced by an electroencephalograph. |
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Term
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Definition
| Type of sleep during which rapid eye movement and dreaming usually occur and voluntary muscle activity is suppressed; aka active sleep or paradoxical sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| Quiet, typically dreamless sleep in which rapid eye movements are absent; divided into four stages; aka quiet sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| Brain-wave patterns associated with alert wakefulness. |
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Term
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Definition
| Brain-wave patter associated with relaxed and wakefulness and drowsiness. |
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Term
| Hypnagogic Hallucinations |
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Definition
| Vivid sensory phenomena that occur during the onset of sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| Short bursts of brain activity that characterize stage 2 NREM sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| Single but large high-voltage spike of brain activity that characterizes stage 2 NREM sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| A temporary condition in which a person is unable to move upon awakening in the morning or during the night. |
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Term
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Definition
| A phenomenon in which a person who is deprived of REM sleep greatly increases the amount of time spent in REM slee at the first opportunity to sleep uniterrupted. |
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Term
| Restorative theory of sleep |
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Definition
| The view that sleep and dreaming are essential to normal and physical and mental functioning. |
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Term
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Definition
| The view that the unique sleep patterns of different animals evolved over time to help promote animals evolved over time to help promote survival and environmental adaption; aka evolutionary theory of sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| Repetivie, bland, and uncreative ruminations about real-life events during sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| A storylike episode of unfolding mental imagery during sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| A frightening or unpleasant anxiety dream that occurs during REM sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| In Freuds pyscholanalytic theory, the elements of a dream that are consciously experienced and remembered by the dreamer. |
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Term
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Definition
| In Freuds Pysc theory, the unconcious wishes, thoughts, and urges that are concealed in the manifest content of a dream. |
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Term
| Activation-synthesis model of dreaming |
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Definition
| The theory that brain activity during sleep produces dream images (activation), which are combined by the brain into a dream story. |
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Term
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Definition
| Serious disturbances in the normal sleep pattern that interfere with daytime functioning and cause subjective distress. |
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Term
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Definition
| Sleep disorders involving disruptions in the amount, qualitu, or timing of sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| A category of sleep disorders characterized by arousal or activation during sleep or sleep transitions; includes sleepwalking, night terrors, sleep bruxism, sleep-related eating disorder, and REM sleep behavior disorder. |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which a person regularly experiences an inability to fall asleep, to stay asleep, or to feel adequatley rest by sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| A sleep disorder in which the person repeatedly stops breathing during sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| A sleep disorder characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness and brief lapses into sleep throughout the day. |
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Term
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Definition
| A sudden loss of voluntary muscle strength and control that is usually triggered by an intense emotion. |
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Term
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Definition
| A special class of neurotransmitters produced during the daytime to maintain a steady state of wakefulness. |
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Term
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Definition
| A sleep disturbance characterized by an episode of increadsed physiological arousal, intense fear and panic, frightening hallucinations, and no recall of the episode the next morningl; typicall occurs during stage 3 or 4 NREM sleep; aka night terrors. |
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Term
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Definition
| A sleep disorder involving abnormal sexual behaviors and experiences during sleep; sexsomnia. |
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Term
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Definition
| A sleep disturbance characterized by an episode of walking or performing other actions during stage 3 or 4 NREM sleep; aka somnambulism. |
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Term
| Sleep related eating disorder |
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Definition
| A sleep disorder in which the sleeper will sleepwalk and eat compulsively. |
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Term
| REM sleep behavior disorder |
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Definition
| A sleep disorder in which the sleeper verbally and physically responds to the dream story; the result of a failure of the brain mechanisms that normally suppress voluntary actions during REM sleep. |
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Term
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Definition
| A cooperative social interaction in which the hypnotists suggestions with changes in perception, memory, and behavior. |
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Term
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Definition
| A suggestion made during hypnosis that the person should carry out a specific instruction following the hypnotic session. |
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Term
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Definition
| The inability to recall specific info because of a hypnotic suggestion. |
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Term
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Definition
| The supposed enhancement of a persons memory for past events through a hypnotic suggestion. |
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Term
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Definition
| The splitting of consciousness into two or more stimultaneous streams of mental activity. |
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Term
| Neodissociation theory of hypnosis |
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Definition
| Theory proposed by Ernest Hilgard that expplains hypnotic effects as being due to the splitting of consciousness into two simultaneous streams on mental activity, only one of which the hypnotic participant is consciously aware of during hypnosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Hilgards term for the hidden, or dissociated stream of mental activity that continues during hypnosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any one of a number of sustained concentraion techniques that focus attention and heighten awareness. |
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Term
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Definition
| A drug that alters consciousness, perception, mood, and behavoir. |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which a person has physically adapted to a drug so that he or she must take the drug regularly in order to avoid withdrawal symptoms. |
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Term
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Definition
| A condition in which increasing amounts of a physically addictive drug are needed to produce the original, desired effect. |
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Term
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Definition
| Unpleasant physical reactions, combined with intense drug cravings, that occur when a person abstains form a drug on which he or she is physically dependent. |
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Term
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Definition
| Withdrawal symptoms that are the opposite of a physically addictive drugs action. |
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Term
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Definition
| Recurrent drug use that results in disruptions in academic, social, or occupational functioning or in legal or psychological problems. |
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Term
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Definition
| A category of pychoactive drugs that depress or inhibit the brain activity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Chemical substances that are inhaled to produce an alteration in consciousness. |
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Term
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Definition
| A category of depressant drugs that reduce anxiety and produce sleepiness. |
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Term
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Definition
| Depressant drugs that relieve anxiety. |
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Term
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Definition
| A category of psychoactive drugs that are chemically similar to morphine and have strong pain-relieving properties. |
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Term
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Definition
| A category of psychoactive drugs that increase brain activity, arouse behavior, and increase mental alterness. |
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Term
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Definition
| A stimulant drug found in coffee, tea, cola drinks, chocolate, and many over the counter medications. |
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Term
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Definition
| A stimulant drug found in tobacco products. |
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Term
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Definition
| A class of stimulant drugs that arouse the central nervous system and suppress appetite |
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Term
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Definition
| A stimulant drug derived from the coca tree. |
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Term
| Stimulant-induced psychosis |
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Definition
| Schizophrenia-like symptoms that can occur as the result of prolongued amphetamine or cocaine; aka amphetamine psychosis or cocaine psychosis. |
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Term
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Definition
| A category of psychoactive drugs that create sensory and perceptual distortions, alter mood, and affect thinking. |
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Term
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Definition
| A psychedelic drug derived from the peyote cactus. |
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Term
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Definition
| A synthetic pyscheledic drug. |
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Term
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Definition
| A psychoactive drug dervied from the hemp plant. |
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Term
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Definition
| Synthetic club drug that combines stimulant and mild psychedelic effects. |
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Term
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Definition
| Class of drugs that reduce sensitivity to pain and produce feelings detachment and dissociation; includes the club drugs phencylidine (PCP) and ketamine. |
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Term
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Definition
| Insomnia treatment involving specific guidelines to create a strict assoiciation between the bedroom and rapid sleep onset. |
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Term
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Definition
| Any of a number of techniques designed to diminsih muscle tension, reduce physical arousal, and decrease intrusive thoughts. |
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Term
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Definition
| A relaxation technique that involves systematically tensing, then relaxing, a progressive sequence of muslce groups. |
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Term
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Definition
| Relaxation technique that involves breathing control, focused attention on physical sensations, and mental imagery. |
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