Term
|
Definition
| The scientific behavior and mental process |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Early school of psyc that emphasized studying the most basic components or structures of conscious experiences. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Early school of Psyc that emphasized studying the purpose of, or function, of behavior and mental experiences. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Personality theory and form of psychotherapy that emphasize the role of unconsious factors in personality and behavior |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| School of Pysc & theoretical viewpoint that emphasize the study of observable behaviors, especially as they pertain to the process of learning. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| School of Psyc & theoretical viewpoint that emphasize each person's unique potential for psyc growth and self-direction. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The study of the nervous system, especially the brain. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The study of positive emoitions and psychological states, positive individual traits, and the social institutions that foster positive individuals communties. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The application of principles of evolution, including natural selection, to explain psychological processes and phenomena. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
The attitudes, values, beliefs, and behaviors shared by a group of people and commincated from one genertaion to another.
|
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Branch of pysc that studies the effects of culture on behavior and mental processes. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The belief that one's own culture or ethnic group is superior to all others, and the related tendency to use one's own culture as a standard by which to judge other cultures. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cultures that emphasize the needs and goals of an individual over the needs and goals to the group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Cultures that emphasize the needs and goals of the group over the needs and goals of the individual. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Medical speical area focused on the diagnosis, treatment, causes, and prevention of mental and behavioral disorders. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A set of assumptions, attitudes, and procedures that guide researchers in creating questions to investigate, in generating evidence, and in drawing conclusions. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Verifiable evidence that is based upon objective observation, measurement, and or experimentation. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A tentative statement about the relationship between two or more variables; a testable prediction or question. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A precise description of how the variables in a study will be manipulated or measured. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The active process of minimizing preconceptions and biases while evaluating evidence, determining the conclusions that can reasonable be drawn from evidence, and considering alternative explanations for research findings or other phenomena. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A branch of mathematics used by researchers to organize, summarize, and interpret date. |
|
|
Term
| Statistically Significant. |
|
Definition
| A mathematical indication that research results are not very likely to have occured by chance. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A statistical technique that involves combining and analyzing the results of many researcher studies on a specific topic in order to identify overall trends. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| To repeat or duplicate a scientific study in order to increase confidence in the validy of the original findings. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A tentative explanation that tries to integrate and account for the relationship of various findings and observations. |
|
|
Term
| Descriptive Research Methods |
|
Definition
| Scientific procedures that involve systematically observing behavior in order to describe the relationship among behaviors and events. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The systematic observation and recording of behaviors as they occur in their natural setting. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fake of false science that makes claims based on little or no science evidence. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An intensive study of a single individual or small group of individuals. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A questionnaire or interview designed to investigate the opinions, behaviors, or characteristics of particular group. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A selected segment of the population used to represent the group that is being studied. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A selected segment that very closely parallels the larger population being studied on relevant characteristics. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Process in which subjects are selected randomly from a larger group such that every group member has an equal chance of being included in the study. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A research stradegy that allows the precise calculation of how strongly related two factors are to each other. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A numerical indication of the of the magnitude and direction of the relationship between two variables. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A finding that two factors vary systematically in the same direction, increasing or decreasing together. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A finding that two factors vary systematically in opposite directions, one increasing as the other decreases. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A method of investigation used to demonstrate cause and effect relationships by purposely manipulating one factor thought to produce change in another factor. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The purposely manipulated factor thought to produce change in an experiment; also called the treatment variable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The factor that is observed and measured for change in an experiment; thought to be influenced by the independent variable; aka outcome variable. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A factor or variable other than the ones being studied that, if not controlled, could affect the outcome of an experiment; aka confouding variable. |
|
|
Term
| Experimental Group/ Condition |
|
Definition
| In an experiement, treatment, or procedure that has no known direct effects. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A fake substance, treatment, or procedure that has no known direct effects. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any change attributed to a person's beliefs and expectations beliefs and expectations rather than an actual drug, treatment, or procedure; aka expectancy effect. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| The process of assigning participants to experimental conditions so that all participants have an equal chance of being assigned to any of the conditions or groups in the study. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| An experimental control in which neither the participants nor the researchers interacting with the participants are aware of the group or condition to which the participiants have been assigned. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| In a research study, subtle cues or signals expressed by the researcher that communicate the kind of response or behavior that is expected from the participant. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any change in performance that results from mere repitition of a task. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Any change that can be directly attributed to the independent or treatment variable after controlling for other possible influences. |
|
|
Term
| Control Group/Control Condition |
|
Definition
| In an experiment, the group of participants who are exposed to all the experimental conditions, except the independent variable; the group against which changes in the experimental group are compared. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| A study investigating the effects of a naturally occuring event on the research participants. |
|
|
Term
| Positron Emission Tomography (PET Scan) |
|
Definition
| An invasive imaging technique that provides color coded images of the brain activity by tracking the brains use of of a radioactively tagged compoud, such as glucose, oxygen, or a drug. |
|
|
Term
| Magnetic resonance Imagine (MRI) |
|
Definition
| A noninvasive imaging technique that produces highly detailed images of the body structures and tissues using electromagnetic signals generated by the body in response to magnetic fields. |
|
|
Term
| Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging (fMRI) |
|
Definition
| A noninvasive imaging technique that uses magnetic fields to map brain activity by measuring changes in the brain's blood flow and oxygen levels. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Branch of psyc that studies the behavior or different animal species. |
|
|
