Allow votes opportunity to remove state officials from office before their terms expire.

435 House of Reps

100 Senate

3 District of Columbia

538 members

House of Reps. based on population.

Senate = 2 from each state.

Separation of Powers

Legislative

Separation of Powers

Executive

Separation of Powers

Judicial

9 Justices of the Supreme Court

Interprets the laws

Checks and Balances

Executive

Judicial - picks Federal Judges

Legislative - can veto all proposed laws

Checks and Balances

Legislative

Judicial - U.S Senate must approve Federal Judges

Executive - Override veto

Checks and Balances

Judicial

Power distributed among wide groups

Groups rule

Citizens involved in setting public policy

Majority rules with minority rights protected

(Republic)

Indirect democracy

We elect people to determine public policy

We the people write the law ourselves. ONLY People involved, NO CONGRESS!!!!!!!

YEAH BUDDAY

Massachusetts

2 AND A HALF

Most well known Initiative from MA.

Cities and towns cannot raise more revenue they recieve by more than 2.5% than current year. Total revenue can only be raised 2.5%.

THE RIGHT TO RULE

FOR EXAMPLE,

U.S - Central government is sovereign and the regions are sovereign.

U.K - Unitary system of government, only central government is sovereign.

(1995)

Banned a federal law because it was unconstitutional.

5-4

Renhquist, O'Connor, Scalia, Kennedy, Thomas

Stevens, Souter, Ginsberg, Breyer

(1819)

Maryland wanted to tax the National Bank

This set STANDARDS FOR NATIONAL GOVERNMENT

BUDDAY

> green text

Powers that aren't written, but they do exist

> implying implications

AKA ELASTIC CLAUSE

The Congress shall have Power - To make all Laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into Execution the foregoing Powers, and all other Powers vested by this Constitution in the Government of the United States, or in any Department or Officer thereof.

No state of local government can interfere with job of NATIONAL GOVERNMENT SONNNNNN

"The power to tax is the power to destroy."

You need a background check to own a gun. Local government needs to do the background check.

But the LOCAL GOVERNMENT DIDNT WANT TO DO IT.

NO U.

Supreme Court agrees; limiting powers of Nat. Gov.

Judicial branch gets to interprets the laws.

Refers to how a judge interprets the law.

Is written out.

A change to the constitution.

Never elected for PREZ, but still became PREZ.

1. Nixon chooses Ford to be his VP, Congress approved.

2. Nixon retired

3. ???

4. ???

5. PREZ

2/3 State rep. request it

Congress calls it

2/3 House of Reps. have to approve

2/3 Senate have to approve

Ratified by 3/4 of the State

Equal Rights for Women amendment

LULZ

(1966)

Supreme Court required police to declare rights before arrestment and interrogation.

Powers not delegated to the National Gov. are reserved to the States and people.

If National Gov. rules don't apply, state rules apply.

No state shall make or enforce any law which shall abridge the privileges or immunities of citizens of the U.S

Cannot deny person within its jurisdiction the equal protection of the laws.

No religious test is required for any office or position in the United States.

Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion.

GOVERNMENT CAN MAKE RULE REGARDING RELIGION IF :

1. Must have a secular purpose

2. Must not enhance or inhibit religion

3. Must not entangle government and religion

(1965)

Abortion-related. CT says constitution broke right to privary. But it never mentions ABORTION.

III, IV, V - zone of privacy

Policy designed to redress historic injusticies against specified groups by actively promoting equal access to educational employment opportunities.

Wat.

(1978)

- White male rejected of UC Davis; he is butthurt

- Goes to court, pleading discrimination

- Won the case, "Quotas are unconstitutional"