1) Speaker

2) Encode

3) Channel

4) Message

5) Decode

6) Receiver

7) Feedback

8) Noise (physical, phychological, semantic)

9) Effect

10) Context

When only the first five elements are involved (Speaker, Encode, Chanel, Message, Decode)

When feedback is added to one way communication (Speaker, Encode, Channel, Message, Decode, Receiver, Feedback)

Occurs when the roles of speakers and receivers are interchangeable (simultaneous, continuous, roles interchangeable)

A widely held but fixed and oversimplified image or idea of a particular type of person or thing. It is a normal function, but can go bad when it does not take into account individual differences.

The way you organize incoming information so that you can store and retrieve your memories and knowledge quickly and accurately when needed.

The ability to make differences in judgments

Focusing on task at hand, amount of critical thinking, recall, evaluation. The degree to which you pay attention to important things.

1) Selection

2) Organize

3) Interpret

A rule that people of a language community agree to follow, established associations become fixed conventions.

Socially agreed upon labels of to arouse meaning, representations of an idea

Pictures in your mind

Labels logically grouped together, shared with others

Checking your meaning through requests for more info, questions for clarifications, paraphrasing for understanding, refuting for alternatives. Metacommunicating.[image]

A word, phrase, or sentence that squeezes a large throught into a smaller, more compact expression.

Can mean different things to different people: how short is short? how tall is tall?

Words that are at opposite sides of a continuum scale. You ALWAYS do this, you NEVER do that...

Carries a different meaning under the surface: sarcasm, white lies

Pleasant way of saying something

Governs meaning. Two main features are denotative vs. connotative meanings and abstract vs. concrete language

Set of rules governing organization: word order, grammar, punctuation, & spelling

Serves two functions: mastering the appropriate use of language for the context and mastering appropriate use of language for the purpose it's used.

Words in which it is hard to achieve meaning for: success. Meaning becomes less clear

Words in which meaning is easily achieved

Meanings that come from the dictionary

Meanings that come from thoughts, feelings, and emotions that surround a word, phrase, or expression.

The degree to which people respond to you favorably.

The amount of space that people feel it necessary to set between themselves and others.

The study of how an dwhy we use the body in communication. (Gross body movements, postural shifts, shaking or fidgeting, flinching, gestures)

Eye behavior (lack of eye contact, eye shifts)

Anything that says something about you (clothing, accessories, and possessions)

Gestures that substitute for verbal language - no speech necessary (peace sign, finger on lips for silence)

Gestures that accompany speech (emphasize speech: fist pump, pointing)

Nonverbal cues that monitor or control the speaking of another individual

Gestures that display emotion  (mostly on face)

Seemingly meaningless movements that serve to release tension, unconscious.

Self adaptors - actions we do involving our own body (touching oursevles)

Objects adaptors - manipulation of objects (fiddling with pen)

Momentary, brief, and fleetying physical activities that may contain the most meaning (brief shoulder shurg, quick glance)

The use of time in communication

Use of touch in communication (length, place, type)

Conveys what the speaker is thinking and feeling

Higher status people are allowed to touch more, talk longer, control others

Man running down the street so save guy. Shows how we often perceive things differently when we don't have all the information needed.

Michael Gerard's life (artist). How people view only a slice of his life and judge him early

His use of schwarza was insulting while he thought it as nothing. Shows how language can mean different things to different people.

Baseball comedy. Shows how they both used the same verbal symbol, but had different referents

Trojan condom commercial that CBS and Fox would not show because it imphasized pregnancy prevention

How languages are becomming extinct due to not passing them on to children, more dominant languages, and other factors. 

How there are coded terms for blacks and whites and we use them only when not in presence of other group.