Term
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Definition
| inhaled general anesthetic-weak, but rapid induction and recovery (induce analgesia) --colorless, odorless, air pocket expansion, depress ventillation |
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Term
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Definition
| inhaled GA-potent, but slow induction (analgesia) --sweet odor, decrease in BP, contractility, and vent. rate, produces electrical SEIZURE activity |
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Term
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Definition
| inhaled GA-slow induction (analgesia) --pungent odor, decreases BP, vent rate, metabolic rate of brain, and renal blood flow; preferred for NEUROSURGERY |
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Term
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Definition
| inhaled GA-rapid induction (maintain analgesia) --irritating to lungs, so not used for induction; decrease BP and vent rate |
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Term
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Definition
| inhaled GA-rapid induction (induce/maintain analgesia) --decrease BP; preferred for patients prone to MI; reacts with soda lime |
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Term
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Definition
| IV GA-enhances GABA effects (induce anesthesia, most commonly used) --decreases BP, contractility, and vent rate; anti-emetic, safe in pregnant |
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Term
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Definition
| IV GA-enhance GABA and activates GABA receptors (induction/maintenance of anesthesia) --myoclonic movements, N/V, inhibits adrenal gland, no decrease in CO so used in patients at risk for HYPOTENSION |
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Term
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Definition
| IV GA-NMDA antagonist, inhibits voltage sensitive Na/K channels (profound analgesia in battlefield/vet medicine) --emergence delirium, hallucinations, bronchodilator, increases CO, BLADDER deterioration in addicts |
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Term
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Definition
| benzodiazepine GA adjunct-rapid onset (pre-op sedation/amnesia) --decrease brain blood flow, BP, and vent rate |
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Term
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Definition
| opioid GA adjunct-minimize vascular reflex to noxious/painful stimuli (analgesia) --N/V, decreased vent rate, HR, BP |
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Term
| dexmedetomidine (precedex) |
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Definition
| central alpha2 agonist-decrease catecholamine release (sedation, GA adjunct) --decrease BP, HR, useful in NON-INTUBATED patients |
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Term
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Definition
| ryanodine receptor inhibitor (spasms, malignant hyperthermia) |
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Term
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Definition
| non-depolarizing NMJ blocker -intermediate duration (GA adjunct) --apnea, histamine release, use in patients with LIVER or RENAL failure |
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Term
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Definition
| non-depolarizing NMJ blocker -short duration (GA adjunct) --metabolized by plasma cholinesterase, apnea, histamine release causing bronchospasm/hypotension |
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Term
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Definition
| non-depolarizing NMJ blocker -intermediate duration (tracheal intubation) |
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Term
| succinylcholine (anectine) |
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Definition
| depolarizing NMJ blocker -opens nicotinic ACh receptors allowing Na influx and slightly depolarizing neuron (short procedures such as rapid intubation) --initial fasciculations |
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Term
| bupivacaine (marcaine, sensorcaine) |
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Definition
| long duration amide LA-inhibits voltage gated Na channel (infiltration, nerve block, spinal, epidural, LABOR) --cardiotoxic |
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Term
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Definition
| amide LA -inhibits voltage gated Na channel (infiltration, nerve block, spinal, epidural, topical, IV, MOST USED) |
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Term
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Definition
| long duration amide LA-inhibits voltage gated Na channel mainly on sensory neurons (LABOR) |
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Term
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Definition
| amide LA-inhibits voltage gated Na channel (anesthesia) --prolonged numbness |
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Term
| benzocaine (americaine, hurricaine, chloraseptic) |
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Definition
| ester LA-inhibits voltage gated Na channel (topically for surface anesthesia) --methemoglobinemia!!!!! |
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Term
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Definition
| ester LA-inhibits voltage gated Na channel (topical use only) --abuse potential, nervousness, convulsions, cardiac failure, only LA with VASOCONSTRICTIVE effect |
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Term
| amphetamine, d-amphetamine (benzedrine, biphetamine, adderal) |
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Definition
| amphetamine-enhanced release and inhibit reuptake of NE and DA (ADD) |
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Term
| lisdexamfetamine (vyvanse) |
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Definition
| amphetamine-enhanced release and inhibit reuptake of NE and DA (ADHD) |
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Term
| methamphetamine (desoxyn) |
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Definition
| amphetamine-enhanced release and inhibit reuptake of NE and DA (abuse) |
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Term
| methylphenidate (ritalin) |
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Definition
| amphetamine-enhanced release and inhibit reuptake of NE and DA (ADD) |
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Term
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Definition
| amphetamine-enhanced release and inhibit reuptake of NE and DA (herbal "bath salts") |
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Term
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Definition
| amphetamine-enhanced release and inhibit reuptake of NE and DA (herbal sympathomimetic) |
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Term
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Definition
| amphetamine-like-enhanced release and inhibit reuptake of NE and DA (narcolepsy/shift work disorder) |
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Term
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Definition
| amphetamine-like-enhanced release and inhibit reuptake of NE and DA (narcolepsy/shift work disorder) |
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Term
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Definition
| methylxanthine-possible adenosine receptor blocker (stimulant, headaches, diuretic, apnea in preterms) --cardiac/gastric stimulation, peripheral dilation, cerebral constriction, relaxation of bronchioles |
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Term
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Definition
| methylxanthine-possible adenosine receptor blocker (ASTHMA, stimulant, apnea in preterms) --cardiac/gastric stimulation, peripheral dilation, cerebral constriction, relaxation of bronchioles |
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Term
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Definition
| methylxanthine-possible adenosine receptor blocker (ASTHMA, stimulant) --cardiac/gastric stimulation, peripheral dilation, cerebral constriction, relaxation of bronchioles |
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Term
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Definition
| spinal cord stimulant-glycine receptor antagonist (convulsant used in rat poison) --treat poisoning with diazepam |
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Term
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Definition
| spinal cord stimulant-inhibits release of glycine from Renshaw cells (released by clostridium tetani) --treat with diazepam, tetanus toxoid, AB's |
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