Term
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Definition
| The process by which populations of living things change over time. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of individuals of the same species occupying a given area at a given time. |
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Term
| What does evolution not refer to? |
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Definition
| An individuals changes or development. |
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Term
| What is divergent evolution? |
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Definition
| The process by which organisms evolve into a variety of specialized life forms to ensure their groups' survival. |
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Term
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Definition
| Evidence of ancient life preserved in the earth's crust , in form of shells, bones, imprints or traces. |
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Term
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Definition
| They offer direct evidence of the pathways taken by living organisms in their evolutionary history. |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of the evolutionary development and diversification of a species or group of organisms. |
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Term
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Definition
| A group of organisms that look alike and can interbreed under natural conditions and produce fertile offspring. |
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Term
| Do fossils alone provide absolute proof of evolution? |
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Definition
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Term
| The fossil record is not perfect. When do gaps in the record occur? |
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Definition
| Gaps occur when a layer of rock does not contain fossils of certain kinds of organisms found both in older and in more recent layers. |
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Term
| What are the five types of indirect evidence? |
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Definition
Homologous structures
Analogous structures
Vestigial structures
Divergence |
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Term
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Definition
| The study of organisms in early stages of development. |
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Term
| What are homologous structures? |
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Definition
| Similar origin but different function in different species. |
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Term
| Of what do homologous structures provide evidence? |
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Definition
| Same evolutionary origin. |
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Term
| Define analogous structures. |
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Definition
| Similar in function and appearance but not in origin. |
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Term
| Analogous structures are good indicators that: |
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Definition
| organisms did not evolve from a common ancestor. |
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Term
| What are vestigial structures? |
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Definition
| Structures that are no longer functional. Usually reduced in size. |
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Term
| Name five examples of vestigial structures. |
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Definition
Human appendix
Dog thumbs
Snake hips
Horse's 4 out of 5 digits
Pig's 4 out of 5 digits |
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Term
| What are physiological studies? |
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Definition
| Studies functions of any part of an organism. |
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Term
| Give two examples of physiological studies. |
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Definition
Kidneys of birds + reptiles
Insulin used to treat diabetes from pigs and cows. |
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Term
| What are five distinct ideas of Darwin's theory of natural selection? |
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Definition
Overproduction
Struggle for existence
Variation
Survival of the fittest
Origin of new species by inheritance of successful variations |
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Term
| What does overproduction mean? |
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Definition
| That numbers of offspring produced by a species is greater than that can survive, reproduce, and live to maturity. |
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Term
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Definition
| Differences among traits that occur in members of the same species. |
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Term
| What is natural selection? |
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Definition
| The differences in survival and reproduction among members of a population. |
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Term
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Definition
| when a new species is formed. |
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Term
| How do new species arise? |
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Definition
| By the accumulation of inherited variations. |
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Term
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Definition
| An inherited trait/set of traits that improve the chances of survival. |
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Term
| What are the three categories of adaptation? |
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Definition
Structural
Physiological
Behavioral |
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Term
| Scientists once believed that evolution was ______ and ________. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| The theory that states all evolutionary change is slow and constant. |
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Term
| Define punctuated equilibrium. |
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Definition
| The stability of evolution followed by periods of rapid change in species. |
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Term
| What are 5 agents of evolutionary change? |
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Definition
Mutation
Genetic drift
Gene flow
Geographic isolation
reproductive isolation |
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Term
| Are mutations good or bad? |
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Definition
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