Term
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Definition
| hard parts hardened with calcites and silicates |
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Term
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Definition
| hard parts replaced by calcites or silicites |
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Term
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Definition
| carbon imprint left behind |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Darwin suggests that all characters evolved gradually |
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Term
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Definition
| Theory of periods of relatively stables periods punctuated by relatively short periods of rapid change |
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Term
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Definition
| Electrical discharges in atmosphere of methane, ammonia, hydrogen gas, and water |
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Term
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Definition
| Incorrect number of chromosomes |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Small, independent population |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Species living in adjacent ranges |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Species must continuously change because their habitat does |
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Term
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Definition
| Acrhean, and proterozoic. Oldest rock with carbon deposits. Definite proof from 3.5 BYA |
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Term
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Definition
| 640 MYA, Soft bodied, crept on sea floor, |
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Term
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Definition
| In 10-25MY all modern Phyla appeared. |
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Term
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Definition
| Diversified plants, insects (spiders, Mites, scorpions), Madibulates (millipedes, centipedes, and primitive flightless insects, |
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Term
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Definition
| seed plants diverse due to wind polination, amniotes (our ancestors evolved into pelycoausra and therapsids), Pangaea, |
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Term
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Definition
| greatest extinction, 52% of families and 96% of skeletogenous marine invertebrates extinct. |
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Term
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Definition
| Most marine groups today are similar, and mammals were dominant large animals |
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Term
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Definition
| what geological events in the past have influences distributions |
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Term
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Definition
| what habitat conditions have influences distributions |
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Term
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Definition
| temperate and tropical eurasion and North Africa |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| South and Central America |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Austrailia, New guinea, and New Zealand |
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Term
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Definition
| Southern SA, Af. New zealand |
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Term
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Definition
| Separates australian and oriental realms, can see from island on one side to another, but little mixing of faunas due to deep area |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Overcoming major barriers in a single leap |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Several populations evolved towards modern humans |
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Term
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Definition
| Acraich humans spread through eurasia but originated in Africa. Supported now. |
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Term
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Definition
| All those environmental conditions in which a species can maintain a population size |
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Term
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Definition
| species enters area and evolves in same way |
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Term
| Degree of ecological speciation |
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Definition
| Specialist more prone to go extinct and speciate |
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Term
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Definition
| Species with low or fluctuating populations more likely to get wiped out and more likely to speciate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Species with broad range less likely to go extinct. Lower rates of speciation but greater dispersal |
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Term
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Definition
| Species need to evolve just to survive |
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Term
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Definition
| One group causes decline of another through competition |
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Term
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Definition
| A group may have superior replace but didn't displace the group due to competition |
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Term
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Definition
| a trait that allows an organism to occupy a new ecological niche |
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Term
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Definition
| set of similar ecological niche |
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Term
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Definition
| Species interact with other species causing both to evolve |
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Term
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| Restriction in population size |
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Term
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Definition
| number of base pair differences increases linearly and then levels off |
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Term
| Neutral theory of Molecular Evolution |
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Definition
Rates very by groups
Even closely related groups vary
Genes are saturated at distant comparison
non synonymous changes are less likely than synonymous |
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Term
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Definition
| Ancestor of all human mitochondria all humans can trace our mitochondria to, supports out of africa. Aprrocimate breeding population of 4,600-11,200 people |
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