Term
| What is the integration of the best research evidence with clinical expertise and patient values? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are the steps in evidence based practice? |
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Definition
Assess
ask
Acquire
Appraise
Apply |
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Term
| what stage is the clinical problems or question that arise during care of the patient |
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Definition
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Term
| what stage is the construct clinical questions that facilitate an efficient search for evidence. |
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Definition
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Term
| what stage is the select the appropriate resource and gather important and convincing evidence from high-quality repositories of the health literature. |
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Definition
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Term
| what stage is the systematically check best available evidence for indications of validity, importance, and usefulness |
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Definition
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Term
| what stage is the interpret the applicability of evidence to specific problems, given patient preference, values and your clinical expertise. |
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Definition
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Term
| A well built question should include what four parts? |
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Definition
P-patient problem or population
I-intervention
C-comparison
O-outcome(s) |
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Term
| when developing the clinical question, what are things that will help us develop the P in PICO? |
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Definition
(Find out how you would describe their problem to a college)
(what characterizes their problem)
-finding out the patients primary problem
-ask them their main concern or Chief complaint
-looking at their disease or health status
-look at their age, race, sex, previous ailments, current medications |
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Term
| In the Intervention in the PICO progress what is done to gather information? |
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Definition
| Identify what you plan to do for that patient, may include the use of specific diagnostic test, treatment, adjunctive therapy, medication or the recommendation to the patient to use a product or procedure. |
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Term
| What is the 3rd phase in PICO? |
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Definition
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Term
| will you always have a comparison phase? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is done in the comparison phase? |
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Definition
the main alternative to compare with the intervention phase.
when your trying to decide between two drugs, or products, or instruments to use. |
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Term
| what does the O in PICO stand for? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is done in the Outcome phase? |
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Definition
| this is where you plan what you will accomplish, improve or affect and it should be measurable |
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Term
| In what phase of PICO would you be relieving or eliminating specific symptoms, improving or maintaining function or enhancing esthetics? |
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Definition
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Term
Case study question, Name his PICO?
-4 month recare appointment due to a busy schedule he's 2 months late
-diabetic type 2
-frequently uses breath mints
-away from home 3-4 days a week
- Eats out often
-knows oral hygiene is important
-doesn't always brush 2x a day
-Periodontal chart shows 4mm pockets w/ moderate bleeding
-fasting blood glucose level is <160 |
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Definition
P- Diabetic, busy life style, Periodontal disease
I- reduce recare interval, nutritional counseling and oral hygiene instruction
C-standard of care
O- Reduction in periodontal disease, stabilized diabetes |
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Term
| What is a good clinical question for this patient example regarding his problems of diabetes and periodontal disease? |
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Definition
| Is controlling diabetes going to improve the patients periodontal condition or vise versa? |
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Term
| What are good sources to look into when gathering evidence to state a clinical question? |
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Definition
| peer-reviewed professional literature based on the appropriate methodology |
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Term
| To research efficiently you should first know....? |
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Definition
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Term
| when asking a question about a diagnosis what question should you be researching? |
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Definition
| how to select and interpret diagnostic tests |
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Term
| when asking a question about a therapy what question should you be researching? |
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Definition
| how to select treatments to offer patients that do more food than harm and that are worth the efforts and costs of using them. |
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Term
| when asking a question about a prognosis what question should you be researching? |
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Definition
| how to estimate the patients likely clinical course over time and anticipate likely complications of disease |
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Term
| when asking a question about a Harm/etiology what question should you be researching? |
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Definition
| how to identify causes for disease (including iatrogenic forms) |
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Term
| what is the most common type of question research we do as hygienist? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the best way to find information? |
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Definition
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Term
| are there different types of evidence grades? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the least clinical relevant research? |
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Definition
| case series/ case reports |
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Term
| what type of research is case control studies, cohort studies, and randomized controlled trial? |
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Definition
| good studies, that are helpful, but sometimes its only one study done |
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Term
| what types research is the most reliable that is multiple research studies? |
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Definition
Meta- Analysis
Systematic Review |
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Term
| What is a case control study? |
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Definition
| are studies in which patients who already have a specific condition are compared with people who do not have the condition |
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Term
| What is the research looking at in case control studies? |
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Definition
| looking back to identify factors or exposures that might be associated with the illness. |
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Term
| Are case control studies more reliable than RCT? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why are they less reliable than RCT and cohort studies? |
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Definition
| because showing a statistical relationship does not mean than one factor necessarily caused the other. |
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Term
| what study takes a large population who are already taking a particular treatment of have an exposure, follow them forward over time and then compare them for outcomes with a similar group that has not been affected by the treatment or exposure being studied. |
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Definition
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Term
| what type of study is a Cohort study? |
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Definition
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Term
| which is more reliable cohort studies or RCT? |
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Definition
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Term
| Why aren't Cohort studies more reliable? |
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Definition
| since the two groups may differ in ways other than in the variable under study |
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Term
| What type of study is controlled clinical trials are carefully planned projects that introduce a treatment or exposure to study its effect on real patients? |
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Definition
| Randomized, controlled clinical trials |
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Term
| what reduces the potential for bias in a RCT? |
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Definition
| Methodologies (randomization and blinding) |
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Term
| What kind of evidence will a RCT yield? |
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Definition
| can provide sound evidence of cause and effect. |
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Term
| what looks at several RCT or Cohort studies and compares several things and then summarizes them? |
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Definition
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Term
| what is the most validated form of research? |
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Definition
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Term
| What is meta- Analysis known as ""? |
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Definition
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Term
| what type of study will thoroughly examine a number of valid studies on a topic and combine the results using accepted statistical methodology to repost the results as if it were one large study? |
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Definition
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Term
| what Collaboration does a lot of systematic reviews and meta-analysis? |
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Definition
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Term
| What are three databases that can be used to locate research (good viable research)? |
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Definition
| EBM Reviews, Medline, AIDSLINE, CINAHL, PubMed |
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Term
| What is the difference in the authors of Peer reviewed journals, popular magazines and professional & trade magazines? |
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Definition
Peer reviewed journals- experts in their field and articles are peer reviewed or refereed.
Popular magazines- may not be experts on their topic, just trained writers
Professional & Trade magazines- authors have expertise in their field, no peer review process |
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Term
| what is the difference in the content of a peer reviewed journal, popular magazine, and a Professional & Trade magazine? |
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Definition
peer reviewed journal- Long articles that focus on research projects, methodology and theory, formal language.
Popular Magazine- short articles that focus on general interest, current events, news and personalities. Professional & Trade magazines- fairly short articles with emphasis on industry trends, new products or techniques and organizational news. |
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Term
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Definition
| Data is gathered by the researcher himself from scratch this kind of research is raw and unfiltered which means more work is needed to get the desired information to meet objectives. |
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Term
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Definition
| Instead of gathering data themselves, they use second hand information taken from published articles, recorded interviews, and from various literature formats like books, videos, and news reports. The information that they can get are already analyzed and polished so they can select which ones can meet their goals. |
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Term
| what is the main difference in primary and secondary research? |
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Definition
| the difference lies in the source researchers use to transform their data into information. Primary is gathered by the researcher and secondary is polished material already published brought together for a researcher. |
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Term
| Example of a single author bibliography APA |
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Definition
Last name first, followed by author initials.
Berndt, T. J. (2002). Friendship quality and social development. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 11, 7-10. |
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Term
| How to conduct a literature search? |
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Definition
| 1st- what type of question are you asking? 2nd- Online data base with a high grade of evidence to get good information such as a peer review journal |
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Term
| Example of how to cite a online journal APA style... |
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Definition
| Author, A. A., & Author, B. B. (Date of publication). Title of article. Title of Journal, volume number, page range. doi:0000000/000000000000 or http://dx.doi.org/10.0000/0000 |
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