Term
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Definition
| relies on direct objective observation and measurement of phenomena, systematic arrangements of evens, procedures to rule out alternative explanations for what is observed, and repeated demonstrations by individuals working independently of one another. |
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Term
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Definition
| treats phenomena that do not have the hallmarks of scientific methods or evidence as if they were scientific |
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Term
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Definition
| outright rejection of the time-tested methods of science as a means of producing valid and useful knowledge. |
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Term
| pseudoscientific or antiscientific |
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Definition
| Many therapies that are currently being promoted for autism are _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| _____ must be verified through systematic, experimental research using objective measurement procedures and controls to rule out alternative explanations for apparent effects. |
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Term
| Applied Behavior Analysis |
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Definition
| The most effective treatment available is _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| There is a relatively _____ "window of opportunity" during which ABA can mean the difference for many between lifelong severe disability and some approximation to normal functioning. |
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Term
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Definition
| information based on someone's personal perspective. |
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Term
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Definition
| A large number of subjective reports that seem to describe the same events are no more _____ than one. |
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Term
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Definition
| _____ is unattainable in any enterprise involving humans. |
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Term
| Ways to approximate perfect objectivity |
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Definition
- Operational Definitions
- Measurement Procedures
- Individuals are trained to observe and record the level of behavior according to operational definitions and measurement procedures
- those who handle the data are kept unaware of the hypotheses
- Multiple Measures |
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Term
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Definition
| _____ and measurement make phenomena accessible to public evaluation, verification, and replication. |
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Term
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Definition
| Biographies, Autobiographies, personal accounts, testimonials, anecdotes, rumors, and uncorroborated self-reports. |
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Term
| Facilitated Communication |
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Definition
| a classic example of a procedure that is claimed to be extraordinarily effective for individuals with autism and other disabilities. |
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Term
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Definition
| Data produced by instruments or machines are relatively _____, assuming that the instruments are working properly and that the humans who read and interpret the data are well trained and monitored. |
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Term
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Definition
| almost anyone who invests time, money, and hope into a treatment will tend to report that the treatment is _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| Careful observation and description are essential for generating _____ about the phenomenon. |
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Definition
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Term
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Definition
| each event that can potentially affect the behavior |
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Term
| Facilitated Communication |
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Definition
| a process by which a person referred to as the "facilitator" supports the hand or arm of a communicatively impaired individual while using a keyboard or other devices with the aim of helping the individual to point and thereby to communicate. |
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Term
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Definition
| Well-controlled studies have found _____ that FC is an effective and reliable intervention. |
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Term
| Sensory Integration Therapy |
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Definition
| Involves activities that a child might find enjoyable such as swinging, rocking and massage. |
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Term
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Definition
| Well controlled studies have found that Sensory Integration Therapy was _____. |
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Term
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Definition
| Many behavior analysts use _____ research designs. |
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Term
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Definition
| In general treatment research in ABA is much less concerned with statistically significant differences between group average measures than with differences that are _____ to the individual in her everyday life. |
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