Term
|
Definition
flexion/ abduction of arm
ORIGIN: coracoid process
INSERT: medial humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adduction/ internal rotation of arm
ORIGIN: lateral humerus
INSERT: clavicle and sternum |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
depress, protract, and upward rotate scap
ORIGIN: upper 8th ribs
INSERT: medial border of scap |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
adduction
external/ internal rotation
ORIGIN:inferior lateral border of scap, lower thoracic and lateral border of spinous process
INSERT: medial intertubular groove of humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
abduction
ORIGIN: supraspinous fossa of scap
INSERT: greater tuberosity of humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
external rotation
ORIGIN: infraspinous fossa of scap
INSERT: greater tuberosity of humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
external rotation
ORIGIN: lateral upper 2/3 of axillary border of scap
INSERT: greater tuberosity of humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
internal rotation
ORIGIN: anterior surface of scap
INSERT: lesser tuberosity of humerus |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
flexion on GH joint and when humerus is externally rotated, long head assists with GH
ORIGIN: long head: supraglenoid tuberosity of scap
short head: coracoid process of scap
INSERT: radial tuberosity |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
long head of biceps pass through
stability in groove maintained by transverse humeral ligament |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
extension and adduction of humerus w/ flexed elbow
ORIGIN: long head: infraglenoid tuberosity of scap
INSERT: olecrenon process of ulna |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Signs and symptoms: sudden sharp pain, audible pop/snap, pain, tenderness at shoulder and elbow, difficulty w supination and pronation, bulging in arm above elbow
management: PRICEM, possible surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Signs and symptoms: popping, clicking, catching, limited motion
management: possible surgery, PRICEM, sling, leave arm in internal rotation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inflammation of the upper biceps tendon due to overuse and overhead activities
Signs and symptoms: can be assessed at bicipital groove, red and swollen tendon, thickened covering, pain and tenderness, possible snapping feeling
management: NSAIDS, rest, possible surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
pain in shoulder joint due to bursa or tendon inflammation caused by overuse
Signs and symptoms: pain outside of shoulder, worse when overuse activity is being done, or laying on it, pain with 60-90 degrees flexion
management: rest, NSAIDS, ice, PT, massage |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
inflammation of upper biceps tendon, associated with impingment
Signs and symptoms: pain, especially with 60-90 degrees of flexion |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
structures and tendons pinched in subacromial space under coacoacromial arch due to repetitive use or postural malalignments
Signs and symptoms: pain/stiff around acromion, increased pain with activities, ERG, GIRD
Stage 1- ache AFTER activity, POT, pain during straight arm full extension
Stage 2- aching DURING activity and worse at pm with some restriction |
|
|
Term
| Rotator Cuff Tendinopathy |
|
Definition
caused by muscle imbalance between internal and external rotators, capsular laxity, poor scap control, and impingment
predisposed because: poor vascularity, shape/placement
Signs and symptoms: deep pain during and after activity, issues with ADL
TYPES OF TEARS: partial thickness: short longitudinal legions, common in supraspinatus, associated with impingment--> untreated becomes full thickness tears, unable to control arm, fall at 90 degrees |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
break of clavicle usually in change of shape due to fall, FOOSH, or direct blow
Signs and symptoms: localized pain, swelling, crepitus, loss of some shoulder motion, arm may be held pinned against side
management: figure 8 brace (holds shoulders in retracted position), sling, or brace |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
compression of nerve roots caused by herniated disks and inflammation
Signs and symptoms: paresthesia, weakened muscles, pressure and spasm in cervical region
management: cervical distraction, MRI, rest, traction, surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
acute trauma to brachial plexus
caused by: traction force to brachial plexus or impingement (external rotation and lateral flexion to same side)
Signs and symptoms: radiating pain down upper extremity, possible dangling arm, tenderness in Erbs point
management: cervical ROM, and functional exercises, re education of muscles |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
extrusion of nucleus pulpus through a weakened region in annulus fibrosus with impingement on nerve roots
Signs and symptoms: neck pain, restricted motion, radicular pain
management: rest, immobilization, cervical traction, estim, surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
high energy/blunt trauma to scapula (i.e. motorcycle accident or falling from high distance)
TYPES: scapular body, scapular neck, glenoid (require surgery)
Signs and symptoms: extreme pain with arm movement and swelling around back of shoulder
management: sling or surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
caused by direct blow or FOOSH
Signs and symptoms: pain, swelling, tenderness, bruising, limited motion, arm might appear shorter than other
TYPES: proximal, midshaft, distal
management: immobilization, NSAIDS, surgery for compound or severe fracture |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
caused by repetitive overhead motions, lifting heavy objects, FOOSH, causes in-fluid movements
Signs and symptoms: catching, locking, popping, instability, pain, tenderness to anterior shoulder
TYPES: bankart, SLAP, hill-sach
management: PRICEM, rehab, surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
caused by longitudinal force acting on clavicle usually FOOSH, compression forces
Signs and symptoms:pain at SC joint, localized swelling, possible bruising
management: ice, sling, strengthening of surrounding muscles, decrease inflammation |
|
|
Term
| Acromioclavicular Sprains |
|
Definition
Common in Hockey
MOI: landing on forward flexed outstretched arm or elbow (drives scapula to clavicle, blow to superior acromion process
Signs and symptoms: localized pain at AC joint, displacement of clavicle may be obvious, step deformities and piano keys
GRADE: I- no surgery, modalities, cortisone
II or higher- surgical means |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| incomplete separation from joint surfaces |
|
|
Term
| Anterior Glenohumeral Dislocation |
|
Definition
MOI: forced abduction, external rotation, and extension forcing humeral head out of glenoid cavity, forced under the coracoid process anteriorly
Signs and symptoms: flattened deltoid contour, unable to touch opposite arm, slight abduction and external rotation
management: immobilization, PRICEM, reduction, cold packs reducing hemmorage |
|
|
Term
| Posterior Glenohumeral Dislocation |
|
Definition
MOI: forced adduction and internal rotation of shoulder or internally rotated FOOSH
Signs and symptoms: severe pain/disability, anterior deltoid muscle flattened , acromion/ coracoid process are prominent, limited external rotation and elevation
management: reduction, protective bracing
can return to play when they can internally rotate strength equal to 20% of patients body weight |
|
|
Term
| Glenohumeral Instabilities |
|
Definition
can be anterior, posterior, or multi direction
Signs and symptoms: pain, possible torn labrum, positive for shoulder apprehension test, may have lateral deltoid numbness
managment: redcution, PRICEM, Xrays, shoulder strength exercises |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
fracture to growth plate of long bone, prevalent in 10-16 year olds
TYPES: 1-5
Signs and symptoms: gross deformity, tenderness over ends of bones, pain, swelling, crepitus
management: ice, stabilization, splint/cast, possible surgery |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
separation of bone fragment from its cortex at attatchment of ligament or tendon--> sudden twist of stretch of tendon
Signs and symptoms: deformity, point tenderness, swelling, pain, crepitus
management: ice, stabilization, refer to ER, splint/cast, requires surgery |
|
|
Term
| Long Thoracic Nerve Contusion |
|
Definition
Caused by blunt trauma
Signs and symptoms: muscle weakness to serratus anterior, scapula will be winged, protraction limited
management: PRICEM, if muscle atrophies refer to physician |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
compression of brachial plexus, subclavian artery/vein (neurovascular bundle) due to compression in space between rib and clavicle, anterior and middle scalenes, and pects
Signs and symptoms: paresthesia, pain, cold sensation, impaired circulation, muscle weakness
management: conservative approach, corrects anatomical position, stretching, exercise |
|
|
Term
| What are the four joints/articulations of the shoulder? |
|
Definition
AC joint
SC joint
GH
Scauplothoracic |
|
|
Term
| What four muscles make up the rotator cuff? |
|
Definition
supraspinatus
infraspinatus
teres minor
subscapularis |
|
|
Term
| What motions occur at the subscapular thoracic joint? |
|
Definition
elevation
depression
retraction
protraction |
|
|
