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literature
"the remembrance of things past"
an expression of childhood, the narrator drinks tea and it brings back a memory |
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cubism founder
multiple perspectives in one painting |
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| WW1 was the last decade of the belle epoch, nationalism was on the rise |
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| austria, germany, hungary |
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| convention preventing the use of combat gas, most countries defied this in the war |
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Van Helmont (17th Century)
derived from the latin word for chaos |
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| the most murderous of all battle fields |
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| exhibition:degenerate art |
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munich 1937 (prewar)
modern pieces accompanied by text mocking them
---picasso, van gough |
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| characteristics of facism |
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reject individuality
military/govt focused
extreme nationalism
militarization of youth |
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first reached power in Italy in 1922
means bundle of sticks |
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| Hitler said the _________, _______________, and __________ were the ones to blame for Germany's problems. |
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| jews, communists, treaty of versailles |
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| Fascist leaders by country |
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Italy-Mussolini (1922)
Germany-Hitler (1933)
Spain-Franco (1936)
Vichy France-Petain (1940) |
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realistic assessment of the situation
acted as if Nazi Germany had already won
reroot the French in their land
valued ORDER
pg 100,102 |
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| facism relies on the cult of personality |
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| **COP is uses mass media to create an idealized image |
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| Petain's goal in Vichy France |
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- reconstruction of the national soul
*glorified the family
-return women home
-make divorce illegal
-increase birth rates |
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| Hitler's purification of art foreshadowed the purification of ppl (the jews) |
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| ____________ pardoned Petain |
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If he uses his accent aloud, it will take away from the uniqueness of it...He is a spanish red, but his french is so good everyone suspects he's french.
He can't tell the difference between France and Germany. To everyone else, even nature looks different when crossing the borders, but to him it looks the same. This is for two reasons, one because France isn't his real homeland so it doesn't feel any different or special to him, and two, because borders are arbitrary (especially geographical ones). They can be easily altered and arent permanent.
He says "one country is plenty" as if he believes a person can only really be from one country. |
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Author of "The Long Voyage," about his experiences in Buchenwald
---spanish writer. he writes in both spanish and french.
--took up arms against fascism in Germany and Spain
--served as minister of culture in spain
--arrested as a member of the resistance (terrorist) |
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should we be held responsible for the mistakes of previous generations?
its never too late for an apology, but how much REPARATION is considered enough..can it ever really be enough, instead of trying to make up for it should we just accept it and move on...never forget, but dont try to make up for it bc you wont ever be able to |
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| La Tregua "The Reawakening" by Primo Levi |
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In this excerpt, the narrator meets a Greek (Mordo Nahum). The Greek is an expert con man; smuggling, theivery and fraud were not uncommon actions for him. He chastises the italian narrator for his lack of shoes, something he says is essential in times of war. A person needs two things, he says, shoes and food. A person can't get to food without shoes.
When the greek and the narrator need to find the soup kitchen, the narrator must remember back to his early schooling and speak latin to him. ((vast number of languages in europe-43 official to be exact)
the chicken incident-Cesare (italian?) wants a chicken, but doesnt speak russian, the two have a hard time communicating to the people that they will trade their dishes for a chicken, finally are able to communicate it through drawings
Lessons from this text: **foreignness, language divides and brings ppl together |
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| themes evident in The Long Voyage (spanish red who cant get his reparations, and wants to preserve his accent/foreignness) |
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HOME.--"one country is enough for me"
IDENTITY.---He defines himself as a spanish refugee.
BORDERS.--can't tell the difference between France and Germany
CITIZENSHIP.--can't get the reparations because he is not of french citizenship.
LANGUAGE. |
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| Burrin's Vichy France article important points |
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* the importance of memory: each regime in Fracne remembers/tries to fix the previous one. Vichy was different in that it just tried to unify a way of thinking, feeling and acting.
*the defeat made it possible for France to "embark on a renewal" |
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| one of the longest battles, between France and Germany in WW1 |
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| right-wing writer, france would resolve its own issues first before worrying about regaining control over territories etc. |
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invented by Niepce and Dagurre
1820s-1840s |
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| named after one of the photography inventors, "mirror with a memory", chemicals make imprint on a mirror like surface |
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world lit masterpiece
"K" guilt prevails following WWI |
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Walter Benjamin
"The Work of Art in the Age of Mechanical Reproduction" |
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born in berlin to a jewish family
immigrated to paris
commited suicide when nazis were on his trail |
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| WWI was a DEFENSIVE war (trenches) |
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| convention prohibiting the use of combat gas, most countries defied this in the war |
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| Germany, Austria, hungary |
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| How did WWI start and why? |
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-Assasination of austrian pres by a serbian
-economic reasons, european countries were competing with one another
-nationalism was on the rise |
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Derived from the latin word for chaos
Van Helmont (17th Century) |
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| In 1984 the French president Mitterrand and the German chancellor Kohl commemorated the ________ anniversary of the __________ __ __________ |
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| French president (Mitterrand) and German chancellor (Kohl) commemorated the 70th anniversary of the Battle of Verdun in 1984 |
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the last veteran from ww1 from France
(1897-2008) |
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| Name the WW1 soldier memorial where French and German leaders put flowers at in Nov 2009. |
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POPULATION
-demographic defecit
-women gain economic freedom
-2 million G soldiers dead, 1.3 F soldiers dead
ECONOMY:
-govts become interventionist
POLITICAL STAGE:
-map of europe redesigned (HOW?)
-League of Nations, Geneva 1920
--> doesnt work, US wont join, cant prevent facism |
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???? freud discovered a death drive
call for self-destruction |
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austria-hungary was split to create czechslovakia, yugoslavia
estonia, latvia,lithuania, finland created from russian empire |
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*led by a guide (Fuhrer, Duce (musolini) or Caudillo)
*places the state above the individual
*relies on youth organizations
*imposes discrimination against the other
*restrictive definition of traditional values
*values ORDER
*relies on a good race or values rather than diversity |
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European Economic Community
created in 1957 with the treaty of rome
there was the coal and steel community (treaty of paris)
-btwn france and germany
-wanted to unify w europe |
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| The European Economic Exchange was often referred to as ____ ________ _________. |
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"course in general linguistics"
signifier/signified |
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| stylistic characteristics of art nouveau |
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dynamic undulating lines
curvilinear forms
ornate details
decorative paterns
NEW MATERIALS--the eifel tower created in 1889 was made out of metal, leaving the stone age behind |
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made the first movie (1895)
The Arrival of the Train |
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created the Olympics (1896)
it was a truce between nations during wars |
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| Chemist, "Lord of Dynamite, Patron of Peace" |
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SOLIDARITY (1980s)--trade union in Poland
won the Nobel Peace Prize, President of Poland |
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invented in 1903
newspaper with bad sales |
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| first to fly over body of water-the English channel-1909 |
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| the dark side of the belle epoque (1889-1913) |
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poor working conditions
child labor
the london suffragetes
GB 1918 brit woman could vote-at least 30 years old
Finland 1906- 1st country where women could vote |
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| finland was the first country where a woman could vote (1906) |
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| a frenchman was accused of leaking secrets to the germans in1890s |
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@ the time it was the most well-known French article
Zola was convicted of libel when he wrote french president a letter saying dreyfus was innocent |
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Louis and Charles signed a pact against Lothaire
set the stage for the make up of of germany and france n the future |
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| we have three influences: greece, rome and christianity |
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