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No science of the mind
Apperceptive mass
Steps of education |
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Law of inheritance of acquired characteristics
Behaviour of an animal could result in changes to their structure
Giraffe example |
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Wrote a book advocating for humane treatment
Advocated for bloodletting, rotating, and tranquillizing chair |
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Unchained the mentally ill
Communicated with patients & separated them by behaviour
Introduced daily rounds and modern record keeping |
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Galvani discovered that nerve impulses were electric
Bell & Magendie Law: one direction only, dorsal/ventral, nervous tissue has specialization |
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Studied touch, re: pressure/temperature/locality
Looked at thresholds (compass test)
Just noticeable difference |
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Actually formulated Weber's Law
Absolute threshold vs difference threshold
Experimental aesthetics (from above vs from below) |
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Doctrine of specific nerve energies
Specific nerves always carry the same type of message
Five different sensory nerves |
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Taught inmates at Boston Prison for Women
Noticed terrible prison conditions
Visited 18 states in 3 years in an attempt to reform institutions |
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Discovered that a woman having the flu during the first trimester of pregnancy is bad
Believed that specific things would improve a population |
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Theory of evolution and natural selection
Phylogeny (history of the evolution of a species/group)
Comparative psychology |
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| Same essential theory as Darwin |
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Food supply vs population (arithmetic vs geometry)
Strongest will survive (get food) and weaker will starve
Survival of the fittest, re: reproduction |
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Mental chronometry
Prepare student to look at stimulus by promoting them |
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Couldn't apply Lamarck to humans, so switched to Darwin
Differentiation occurs through evolution
The more associations one can make, the more intelligent they are |
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Trichromatic theory of colour perception: one retina, three receptors
Mind carries out physiological mixing of the colours
Visual/spatial perception is learned (empiricist) |
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Opponent-process theory of colour vision: red/green, yellow/blue, black/white
This theory accounts for colour blindness
Visual/spatial perception is innate (nativist) |
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First to conduct twin studies
Intelligence & eminence passed down through families
Believed in eugenics & was anti-feminist |
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Founder first experimental psych lab (Leipzig)
Pure vs experimental introspection
Metronome (apprehension, apperception, creative synthesis)
Tridimensional theory of feeling
Psychological parallelism
Cultural/folk psychology |
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Believed in hypnosis
Taught Freud and James
Specialist in hysteria |
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Electrical stimulation (frog legs)
MONIST: brain and mental life are one
No freedom of choice, but reflex is controllable? |
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Provided an alternative view to Wundt
Every mental phenomena involves a mental act
We can never have thoughts and feelings about nothing at all |
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Wrote very clearly & was in opposition to Wundt
Goal of psychology is to study living people as they adapt
James-Lange theory of emotion (fine vs coarse)
Stream of consciousness (mine, changing, continuous)
Self: the I = pure ego, the Me = material/social/spiritual self
Psychology is a natural science; must study outside of lab |
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Titchener wouldn't let her present because she was a woman
Theory of evolution of colour vision (black/white, blue/yellow, red/green)
Law of progressions and pathologies (newer = riskier) |
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Teacher of the three founders of the Gestalt school
Acoustical perception
Phenomenology = predatory to the study of the secondary data |
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Classical conditioning
Chronic research (kept dogs alive)
Bekhterev feud re: human subjects |
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Nonsense syllables; tested himself
First to provide experimental evidence of association
Rapid loss at first, can't overlearn, don't cram, adjacent/list, remote non adjacent |
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Certainty is limited to sensations
Language provides meaning with terms/concepts/theories
Everyone's "truth" is subjective |
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Developed a classification for mental illness
Published a list that eventually became the DSM
Systematic testing of drugs on mental functioning |
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