Term
|
Definition
| Empirical/Empiricists: always use observations and its hard to put a priori limitations on observation |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Metaphysics: Study of nature of things
Discovery of the essence of something, its nature |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the position that moral or ethical propositions do not reflect objective and/or universal moral truths, but instead make claims relative to social, cultural, historical or personal circumstances |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
concern for others over self interest or living for the sake of others
radical altruism: sometimes people go so far as sacrificing themselves for others (hume) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| Existentialism: everything is permitted in the absence of god and man is forlorn because he cannot find anything to believe in, within or outside of himself (Sartre |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Passion and emotions basis for ethics
Reason and passion need each other, reason secondary |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
State of Nature leads to civil state
state of nature: self interest first instinct, no justice
Civil State: development of government and state
believes reason leads to morality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Pure reason gives you universality and necessity. If something is necessarily true, its universal/ Inherent good will. Good will acting out of duty not inclination or personal gain |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
understands human nature as good
Bellieves humans have a tendency towards good |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Believes animals have moral sense to though different from human.
developed from social instinct, past experiences, language development and mental faculties development
strengthened by habit |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Virture: intellectual and moral Intellectual: teaching, experience and time Moral virtues come as a result of habit. Doesn’t arise by nature First: aquire potentiality and later exhibit the activity Virtues gained first by exercising them (we learn before doing, learn while doing) creates good and bad of everything |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Conversation between Socrates and
Thrasysmus
morality not benefit of stronger party. like doctors in charge, they do whats in best interest of patient, morality works to assure everyone equality |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Herd morality: develops step by step
Draws instinct from how much status quo and common good are being endangered (communal solidarity) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
Man’s natural virtue: pity (apart of his human nature)
Precedes self interest. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
prisoners dilemma
related to idea of self interest (hobbes) |
|
|
