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| Life is sacred pacifists think that it is not permissible to sacrifice one life to save many more lives |
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1)there must be competent authority to order the war for a public purpose
2)there must be a just cause
3)the means must be proportionate to the just cause and all peaceful alternatives have been exhausted
4)there must be the right intention on the part of the just belligerent |
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| raison de guerre can be thought of as from the perspective of |
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| using the standard interpretation of human rights, such rights can be violated to secure some other goods |
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| the nuclear bombing of hiroshima and nagasaki can be more easily considered to be violations of |
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| raison de guerre proportionality of means to ends |
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| the only permissible reasons for engaging in a just war are self-defense or the acquisition of vital resources by offensive war |
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| Ghandi thought that life aught to be preserved at all cost |
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| false; he believed in spirits being preserved |
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| jus in bello, proper conduct in war, has two criteria, the proportionality of military means to political and military ends and the principle of discrimination |
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| laure calhoun thinks that if we consider terrorists to be immoral, then we aught to consider governments which engage in war as immoral |
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| the principle of charity is the obligation to help out the weak against the oppression of the strong |
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| tactics refer to the long range plans developed by political leaders for a war |
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| douglas p. lackey's points out that a problem with life is sacred pacifism is, if we assume that the preservation of life is the highest goal, then this means that we must avoid any risky behaviors |
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| true; we must avoid sky diving, base jumping, bungie jumping,ect. |
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| gandhi's non violent tactics amounted to psychological coercion |
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| according to mark sagoff, the reason why the US government spent 200 billion dollars between 1970 and 1984 to control water pollution was to increase public health. |
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| william baxter thinks that the natural environment has |
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| anthropomorphic values; human values |
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| william baxter thinks that the natural environment has |
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| anthropomorphic values; human values |
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| mark sagoff argues that we aught to preserve "biodiversity" because such species may have important medical uses |
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| the intrinsic value that natural objects have |
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| a worth that they have in themselves apart from any use they may have for people. |
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| the "willingness to pay criterion" for figuring out how to allocate environmental resources is allocating the natural resources in question to the interest group which is willing to pay the most for it |
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| the FTC can judge an ad as deceptive if it estimates that around |
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| 20% of the customers who view the ad will be misguided |
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| the FTC takes into consideration whether or not an advertiser intended to deceive the customers with a given ad |
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| informative ads assume that the customer is already interested in a given product and strictly contain data about price, features, and availability |
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| basic desires are first order desires for such things as sex, power, love, attention ect. |
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| autonomy is the second order capacity to reflect critically upon first order preferences, desires, wishes and so forth and the capacity to accept or attempt to change these in light of higher order preferences and desires |
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| informational ads promote the consumer lifestyle which habituates people into uncritical thinking and constant product purchasing |
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| false; pursuasive ads = true |
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| the FCPA provides the use of any bribes in other countries |
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| False; you can payoff the customs agents |
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| the canonical view mandates that businesses work together to imoprove the world economy |
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| us companies moving their operations to third world countries is necessarily a long term benefit for these countries |
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| "fire at will" means that an employer can fire you for any reason as long as they do not violate the civil rights act, ADA (Americans with disabilities act) or ADEA (age discrimination in employment act) |
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| the main reason that reiman thinks that capital punishment should be abolished is because |
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| because he thinks that capital punishment involves too much pain and is not civilized |
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| proportional retributivism stipulates that |
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| the worst crime should be punishmed by society's worst morally acceptable penalty, and so on to lesser crimes and penalties |
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| haag remarks that death itself cannot be inhuman because we are all fated to die some day |
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| reiman argues that haag's common sense argument can be used to justify torturing people to death |
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| according to haag, state punishments are meant to revenge the victim |
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| barry lynn maintains that it is the governments responsibility to protect citizens from unwanted exposure to pornographic material |
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| barry lynn points out that violent pornography necessarily leads to more rape |
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| ann gary thinks that it is possible for good heterosexual porn to exist |
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| ann gary points out that the problem that feminists have with heterosexual male pornorgraphy is that is depicts women as inferior harmed objects in sex |
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| szasz thinks that we ought to make doctors the only ones responsible for the care of our bodies |
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| szasz maintains that the high degree of danger that a given thing has is reason enough to ban it |
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| the chief reason why wilson thinks that very potent narcotic drugs like cocain and heroin aught not to be legalized is because |
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| the legalization of drugs will increase the number of drug addicts and that this will cause great social and moral harms to society |
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| the reasonable person viewpoint is |
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| the view point of a person with normal mental capabilities, emotional dispositions and education |
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| the VII of the civil rights act of 1964 stipulates as a remedy for sexual harassment cases |
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| reinstatement, back pay, court order for no reprisals, and a court order that the company institute a policy against sexual harassment |
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| that the racial majority can never come up with policies that are truly against its own interests |
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