Term
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Definition
| Consequence-Oriented (Utilitarian) |
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| Fathers of Utilitarianism |
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Definition
| Jeremy Bentham & John Stuart |
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Definition
| An ethical theory holding that the proper course of action is the one that maximizes the overall "happiness". Pleasure. |
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Definition
| When faced with a choice, we must first consider the likely consequences of potential actions and, from that, choose to do what we believe generates the most pleasure. |
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Definition
| Actions are moral when they conform to the rules that lead to the greatest good |
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Term
| Equal Consideration of Interest |
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Definition
| All people's happiness must be considered equally. One cannot increase their happiness at the expense of another. |
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Term
| Criticisms of Teleological (Consequence-Oriented) |
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Definition
- Calculations of happiness often impossible
- To bring happiness to some may be at the expense of others
- Not sensitive to duty (parents)
- Does not appear to give repect equally to all people
- Can lead to over-reaching into people's private lives
- Does not take into account mmoral attitudes & pre-suppositions
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Term
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Definition
| The right action is the one leading to satisfaction of those desires that the individual preferes to have satisfied. |
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Definition
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| Father of Deontological Thought |
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Definition
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Definition
- Consequences are irrelevant
- Morality is derived from rationality
- No exceptions
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Term
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Definition
A way of evaluating motivations for action.
We should only act in a way that would be acceptable if the whole world acted that way. |
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Definition
| The middle point. Between two extremes. |
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Term
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Definition
| Good people do good things. This person would do right naturally. |
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Definition
| There is a divine or exemplary being that has set down rules which govern all aspects of life. |
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Term
| Ethical Decision-Making Model |
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Definition
Identify Characteristics:
- Describe the Problem
- Identify Principles involved
- Who are the concerned parties
- Who is in charge
- Gather Facts
- Opinion/Fact
- Legal
- Documentation
Examine the Options
- Look for initial credibility
- The more options the better chance of finding one you can support
Weigh & Evaluate Potential Options
- What happens to each individual through each decision
- What principles are favored or sacrificed
- Are all people considered equally
- What ethical system are you going to use to make your choice
Make Your Decision and Act on It
Assess and Evaluate the Results
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