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Ethics 3
Decision Making Capacity through Surrogate
23
Other
Graduate
07/24/2013

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Cards

Term
Strictly speaking, only a court can declare someone __________________
Definition
(in)competent
Term
In the clinical setting, we are typically concerned with the issue of whether or not a patient is able to make a particular decision about their treatment (otherwise known as ______________)
Definition
DMC (Decision-Making Capacity)
Term
In relation to DMC, our respect for the patient’s autonomy is often in tension with what other ethical guideline?
Definition
BENEFICENCE
Term
When we are asked the following question, what other question should immediately come to mind?
“Does this patient have capacity?”
Definition
FOR WHICH DECISION?
Term
True or False: A key sign of a lack of decision-capacity is the patient’s disagreement with the clinician’s recommendations.
Definition
FALSE
Term
If a patient articulates a choice, our confidence in their decision-making capacity can be increased if they are able to articulate (3 THINGS)_________ for their choice.
Definition
UNDERSTANDING
**REASONS/REASONING**
CONSEQUENCES
Term
Which ethical concepts does “to help the patient” represent?
Definition
BENEFICENCE
Term
Which ethical concepts does “freedom to choose” represent?
Definition
RESPECT FOR AUTONOMY
Term
What logically flows from the idea of informed consent? (opposite)
Definition
INFORMED REFUSAL
Term
True or False: Patients may refuse ventilation but may not refuse antibiotics.
Definition
FALSE
Term
True or False: When a patient refuses recommended treatment, that’s the end of your responsibility.
Definition
FALSE
Term
Observation, by medical personnel, of unusual cultural or religious beliefs/practices may lead these personnel to inaccurately assume the patient lacks ______.
Definition
DMC (DECISION MAKING CAPABILITY)
Term
True or False: Adult patients can refuse lifesaving treatment based upon their religious beliefs.
Definition
TRUE
Term
Standards used for decision-making by others when the patient lacks that capacity: (LIST 3)
Definition
IN ORDER:
1. Advance Directives
2. Substituted Judgments
3. BEST INTERESTS
Term
Of the various standards used for making decisions for incapacitated patients, which type provides the most clear and convincing evidence of their wishes?
Definition
ADVANCE DIRECTIVES
(ex. living wills and durable power of attorney)
Term
A____ decision maker is one who has been appointed using an advance directive; this person has been designated by the patient to make decisions on their behalf.
Definition
SURROGATE
(or proxy)
Term
We use the standard of ______ _____ in the absence of advance directions. This assumes that someone who knew the patient (and their values) is available for this decision-making.
Definition
SUBSTITUTED JUDGMENT
Term
What is the lowest standard of decision-making that we sometimes have to turn to when patients lack decision-making capacity?
Definition
BEST INTERESTS
Term
Which principle of biomedical ethics primarily guides us as we make decisions using this standard?
Definition
BENEFICENCE
Term
Which type of decision-maker has the strongest claim to make decisions for incapacitated patients?
Definition
SURROGATE / PROXY
Term
True or False: A proxy decision-maker cannot trump family makers.
Definition
FALSE
Term
True or False: The clinician will always need to get unanimous agreement among family members before proceeding.
Definition
FALSE
Term
4 Problems with surrogate decision making
Definition
o Emotional barriers
o Conflicts of interest
o Disagreements among potential surrogates
o Decisions inconsistent with the patients preferences or values
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