Term
|
Definition
| culture of protestant ethic -> capitalist accumulation because of dedication and thriftiness (capitalistic accumulation comes from being protestant); religiosity leads to other dedications (this has been falsified); methodological work of "ideal types" and interpretation for understanding; research only works when you have certain "ideal types" in mind; classify and interpret what you are seeing; scientific method is crucial; social science cannot identify laws true everywhere; predict off of probability |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the organization that maintains a monopoly of force over a given territory; a set of political institutions to generate and execute policy regarding freedom and equality; soul entity with right to use force (Weber); set laws; control order, maintain security, army; it relies on sovereignty an power |
|
|
Term
| why do citizens obey the state? |
|
Definition
| fear or hope of rewards/favors (prebends) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| living off politics; part time; minimum amount to get by; for money, power, etc. |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| living for politics; has meaning; dedicated to cause |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the rules and norms of politics, embodying long-term goals regarding individual freedom and collective equality, where power should reside, and the use of that power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| leadership in charge of running the state |
|
|
Term
| origins of political organization |
|
Definition
(1) farming - led to more sedentary societies, which led to disputes over land and goods; organizations emerged to settle disputes and set rules for future ones
(2) some argued that the state emerged to save societies from anarchy (Thomas Hobbes) in the Dark Ages because organizations had to rapidly adapt to intense rivalries over power and resources; others argued that the state kept people from living equally and peacefully (Rousseau) |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| philosopher who believed that human beings were inherently compassionate and that the rise of the state corrupted them |
|
|
Term
| what three advantages did the state have over previous political structures? |
|
Definition
| states encouraged economic development (by defining and protecting property rights); rulers encouraged technological innovation that, with property rights, set the stage for modern capitalism; national identity - the state's focus on infrastructure and legal codes fostered a more cohesive, nationalist spirit which reduced localized rivalries |
|
|
Term
| Treaty of Westphalia (1648) |
|
Definition
| reduced the authority of the church in Europe and instead left the states with the power to direct religion in their own territory; this cemented the superiority of the political over the spiritual and encouraged states to expand outside of Europe |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a value whereby an institution is accepted by the public as right and proper, this giving it authority and power |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| legitimacy that accepts aspects of politics because they have been institutionalized over a long period of time |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| based on the force of ideas embodied by an individual leader |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| based on a system of laws and procedures that are highly institutionalized |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a system in which significant state powers, such as taxation, lawmaking, and security, are devolved to regional or local bodies |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| political power is sent down to lower levels of state and government |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a state in which most political power exists at the national level, with limited local authority |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| able to fulfill basic tasks, such as defending territories, making and enforcing rules, collecting taxes, and managing the economy |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| has difficulty fulfilling basic tasks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| a state so weak that its political structures collapse, leading to anarchy and violence |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability of the state to wield power to carry out basic tasks |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability of the state to wield its power independently of the public |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| the ability of a state to carry out actions or policies within a territory independently from external actors or internal rivals; key characteristic that defines a state |
|
|
Term
|
Definition
| state, government, regime, and the people who live within that political system |
|
|
Term
| why did rulers embrace technology? |
|
Definition
| it fostered economic and military power |
|
|
Term
| what is a hallmark of the economics of state development? |
|
Definition
|
|
