Shared Flashcard Set

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Essential Intro. To Computers
pgs. COM4-COM13
33
Computer Science
10th Grade
09/06/2007

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Cards

Term
Computer Program or Software
Definition
A set of detailed instructions that tells it exactly what to do.
Term
Components Of A Computer
Definition
They are six primary components

• Input devices

• Processor

• Memory

• Output

• Storage devices


Communication devices
Term
Where do you find the Processor Memory & Storage devices?
Definition
Housed in a box-like case called the system unit.
Term
Input Devices
Definition
Any hardware component that allows you to enter data, programs, commands, and users responses into a computer.

• Keyboard

• Mouse

• Digital Camera

• Scanner

• Microphone
Term
Keyboard
Definition
An input device that contains keys you press to enter data into the computer. A desktop computer keyboard typically has 101 to 105 keys.
Term
Mouse
Definition
Is a pointing device that fits comfortably under your hand. With a mouse you control the movement of the pointer, often called the mouse pointer, on the screen and make selections from the screen.
Term
System Unit
Definition
Is a case that that contains electronic components of the computer used to process data.
Term
Motherboard
Definition
Sometimes called a system board, is the main circuit board of the system unit. This is where you attach extra components.
Term
Processor
Definition
Is also called the central processing unit(CPU), interprets and carries out the basic instructions that operate a computer.
Term
Control Unit
Definition
Interprets the instructions.
Term
Memory
Definition
Also called random access memory or RAM and this consists of electric components that temporarily store instructions waiting to be executed by the processor, data, needed by those instructions, and the results of processed data(information).
Term
Kilobyte(K or KB)
Definition
Equals , 1,000 bytes
Term
Megabyte(MB)
Definition
Equals approximately one million character
Term
Gigabyte(GB)
Definition
Equals approximately one billion memory locations.
Term
Memory location or byte
Definition
Usually stores one character such as the letter A. Therefore, a computer with 512 MB of memory can store approximately 512 million characters.
Term
Printers:

Impact printers
Definition
Prints by striking an inked ribbon against the paper.
Term
Nonimpact printers
Definition
Such as ink- jet printers and laser printers, form characters by means other than striking a ribbon against paper. Examples include ink-jet and laser. A laser printer is a high-speed, high-quality nonimpact printer that employs copier-machine technology. It converts data from the computer in to a beam of light that is focused on a photo-conductor drum, forming the images to be printed.
Term
Ink-jets
Definition
Forms character or graphics by using a nozzle that sprays tiny drops of ink onto the page.
Term
Monitor
Definition
Is a packaged as a separate unit.
Term
Flat Panel Monitor
Definition
Also is the LCD monitor and is the most popular type of flat panel monitor, and uses a liquid display crystal, similar to a digital watch, to produce images on the screen.
Term
CRT
Definition
Cathode ray tube
Term
Pixels
Definition
The surface of the screen of either a CRT monitor or LCD monitor is composed of individual picture elements.
Term
Storage device
Definition
Is used to store instructions, data, and information when they are not being used in memory.
Term
Magnetic disks
Definition
Use magnetic particles to store items such as data, instructions, and information on a disk's surface.
Term
Formatting
Definition
The process of dividing the disk into tracks and sectors, so the computer can locate the data, instructions, and information on the disk.
Term
Track
Definition
A narrow recording band that forms a full circle on the surface of the disk.
Term
Sectors
Definition
The disk's storage locations consist of pie-shaped sections, which break the tracts into small arcs.
Term
Portable storage medium
Definition
Means you an remove the medium from one computer and carry it to another computer.
Term
Portable storage medium
Definition
Means you an remove the medium from one computer and carry it to another computer.
Term
Hard disk
Definition
Also called a hand disk drive, is a storage device that contains one or more inflexible, circular platters that magnetically store data, instructions, and information.
Term
Head crash
Definition
When a read/write heads touches a platter, usually resulting in loss of data or sometimes the entire drive.
Term
Backup
Definition
Is a duplicate of a file, program or disk that you can use in case the original is lost, damaged, or destroyed.
Term
Floppy disk drive
Definition
A device that can read from and write on a floppy disk. Floppy disk drives are either built into the system unit or are external to the system unit and connected to the computer via a cable.
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